Non-Pharmacological Labor Pain Management In Midwifery Care
Abstract
Latar Belakang: Persalinan adalah proses fisiologis yang umumnya disertai rasa sakit yang disebabkan oleh kontraksi uterus, dilatasi serviks, dan tekanan janin pada jalan lahir. Penanganan nyeri persalinan yang buruk dapat meningkatkan kecemasan dan kelelahan ibu serta berdampak negatif pada kemajuan persalinan dan kenyamanan ibu. Pendekatan non-farmakologis dianggap sebagai pilihan utama dalam perawatan kebidanan karena relatif aman, memiliki efek samping minimal, dan mendukung keterlibatan aktif ibu selama persalinan.
Tujuan: Artikel ini bertujuan untuk meninjau berbagai bentuk manajemen nyeri persalinan non-farmakologis yang dapat diterapkan dalam perawatan kebidanan.
Metode: Studi ini menggunakan pendekatan tinjauan literatur dengan menganalisis 25 artikel ilmiah yang diperoleh dari basis data Google Scholar dan PubMed. Artikel yang ditinjau adalah publikasi teks lengkap yang diterbitkan antara tahun 2015 dan 2024 dan berfokus pada intervensi non-farmakologis untuk wanita selama persalinan.
Hasil: Tinjauan ini menunjukkan bahwa berbagai metode non-farmakologis, termasuk teknik pernapasan dan relaksasi, pijat dan tekanan balik, perubahan posisi dan mobilisasi ibu, aromaterapi, serta musik dan dukungan psikologis, efektif dalam mengurangi intensitas nyeri persalinan dan meningkatkan kenyamanan ibu.
Kesimpulan: Manajemen nyeri persalinan non-farmakologis efektif dan aman untuk diterapkan dalam praktik kebidanan. Bidan memainkan peran penting dalam mendidik dan menerapkan metode-metode ini untuk mendukung persalinan yang aman, nyaman, dan berpusat pada perempuan.
Kata kunci: Nyeri persalinan; non-farmakologis; perawatan kebidanan; kenyamanan ibu
ABSTRACT
Background:Labor is a physiological process that is commonly accompanied by pain caused by uterine contractions, cervical dilatation, and fetal pressure on the birth canal. Poorly managed labor pain may increase maternal anxiety and fatigue and negatively affect labor progress and maternal comfort. Non-pharmacological approaches are considered a primary option in midwifery care because they are relatively safe, have minimal side effects, and support active maternal involvement during childbirth.
Purpose:This article aims to review various forms of non-pharmacological labor pain management that can be applied in midwifery care.
Methods:This study employed a literature review approach by analyzing 25 scientific articles obtained from the Google Scholar and PubMed databases. The reviewed articles were full-text publications released between 2015 and 2024 and focused on non-pharmacological interventions for women during labor.
Results:The review showed that various non-pharmacological methods, including breathing and relaxation techniques, massage and counter pressure, maternal position changes and mobilization, aromatherapy, as well as music and psychological support, were effective in reducing labor pain intensity and improving maternal comfort.
Conclusion:Non-pharmacological labor pain management is effective and safe to be implemented in midwifery practice. Midwives play an important role in educating and implementing these methods to support safe, comfortable, and woman-centered childbirth.
Keywords:Labor pain; non-pharmacological; midwifery care; maternal comfort
Keywords
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/jkm.v12i2.24492
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