Knowledge About Covid-19 And Pregnant Women’s Anxiety During The Pandemic

Latar Belakang: Berdasarkan hasil penelitian di Bengkulu menunjukkan bahwa nilai kecemasan pada ibu hamil di masa pandemi Covid-19 mencapai 39,8% dari 40 responden. Perlu diketahui bahwa pandemi Covid-19 saat ini memunculnya kekhawatiran/kecemasan ibu hamil terkait pertumbuhan dan perkembangan bayi dalam kandungan. Hal ini sesuai dengan survey awal di kelurahan Kertosari, Kabupaten Banyuwangi terhadap 10 orang ibu hamil, dimana 8 ibu hamil kurang memahami tentang pandemi Covid-19 dan tatalaksana pemeriksaan kehamilan selama masa pandemi Covid-19, serta ibu hamil mempunyai kecemasan akan terpapar virus Covid-

19, sehingga ibu hamil tidak pernah melakukan pemeriksaan kehamilan secara rutin di Puskesmas terdekat. Kondisi ini juga membutuhkan suatu upaya dari tenaga kesehatan untuk membantu mengatasi kecemasan ibu

hamil dengan memberikan sosialisasi tentang tatalaksana pemeriksaan kehamilan selama masa pandemi Covid-

19, dan melakukan konseling untuk membantu ibu hamil mengurangi kecemasannya, maupun mengajarkan aktivitas olahraga bagi ibu hamil agar tetap rileks dan bugar selama kehamilannya.

Tujuan:  Mengetahui  adanya  hubungan  antara  pengetahuan  ibu  hamil  tentang  Covid-19  dengan kecemasan ibu hamil selama masa pandemic Covid-19.

Metode: Jenis penelitian menggunakan deskriptif kuantitatif dengan sampel 35 responden ibu hamil di

Kelurahan Kertosari. Variabel pengetahuan dikelompokkan menjadi tiga yaitu baik, cukup, kurang, dikatakan pengetahuan baik apabila nilai total skor persentase kuesioner > 85%, cukup bila total skor persentase kuesioner

57-85%,  kurang  bila  total  skor  persentase  kuesioner  <  42%.  Sedangkan  untuk  variabel  kecemasan

dikelompokkan menjadi tiga juga yaitu ringan, sedang, berat, dikatakan kecemasan ringan bila nilai total skor persentase kuesioner 7-23%, kecemasan sedang bila nilai total skor persentase kuesioner 30-53%, kecemasan berat bila nilai total skor persentase kuesioner 61-100 %. Analisis yang digunakan univariate dan bivariate, dengan uji statistik menggunakan Uji Chi Square.

Hasil: Hasil analisis dari total skor pengetahuan responden termasuk dalam kategori kurang, dan hasil kecemasan responden diperoleh hasil dengan kategori berat, dengan nilai X2 hitung = 12,434 dan df = 4 dengan tingkat signifikansi = 0,014 atau 1,4%. Besar nilai X2 tabel = 9,488, maka terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan pada

pengetahuan baik, cukup, kurang terhadap kecemasan ringan, sedang, berat.

Kesimpulan  dan  Saran:  Terdapat  hubungan  yang  signifikan  antara  pengetahuan  tentang  Covid-19 terhadap kecemasan ibu hamil dalam menghadapi pandemic Covid-19. Sehingga disarankan perlu adanya

kerjasama antara bidan dan ibu hamil untuk bisa mengurangi rasa cemas yang dihadapi oleh ibu hamil, dan ibu

hamil tetap mau memeriksakan kehamilannya kepada bidan, dengan tetap memakai protocol kesehatan yang dianjurkan.

Kata Kunci : Ibu Hamil, Pengetahuan, Kecemasan, Pandemi Covid-19

ABSTRACT

Background: Based on the results of a study in Bengkulu, it showed that the value of anxiety in pregnant women during the Covid-19 pandemic reached 39.8% of 40 respondents. It should be noted that the current Covid-19 pandemic has raised concerns/anxiety for pregnant women regarding the growth and development of babies in the womb. This is in accordance with the initial survey in the Kertosari Village, Banyuwangi City on 10 pregnant women, where 8 pregnant women did not understand the Covid-19 pandemic and the management of pregnancy tests during the Covid-19 pandemic, and pregnant women had anxiety about being exposed to the Covid-19 virus, so that pregnant women never did routine pregnancy check-ups at the Community Health Center. This condition also requires an effort from health workers to help overcome the anxiety of pregnant women by providing socialization about the management of antenatal care during the Covid-19 pandemic, and conducting counseling to help pregnant women reduce their anxiety, as well as teaching sports activities for pregnant women to stay relaxed and fit during her pregnancy.

Objective: To find out the relationship between the knowledge of pregnant women about Covid-19 and their anxiety during the Covid-19 pandemic.

Methods: this study used quantitative descriptive with a sample of 35 pregnant women as the respondents. This study was conducted in Kertosari Village. The knowledge variable was grouped into three, namely good, fair, and poor. It belongs to good knowledge category if the total score of the percentage of the questionnaire is > 85%, fair if the total score of the percentage of the questionnaire is 57-85%, poor if the total score of the percentage of the questionnaire is < 42%. Then, regarding anxiety variable, it is grouped into three, namely mild, moderate, severe, it is said to be mild anxiety if the total score of the questionnaire percentage score is 7-23%, moderate anxiety if the total score of the questionnaire percentage score is 30-53%, severe anxiety if the total score of the questionnaire percentage score 61-100%. The analysis used univariate and bivariate, with statistical test using Chi Square test.

Results: The results of the analysis of the total score of respondents' knowledge were included in the poor category, and the results of the respondents' anxiety were obtained in the severe category, with a value of X² obtained = 12,434 and df = 4 with a significance level of 0.014 or 1.4%. The value of X² table = 9,488, then there was a significant effect of good, fair, poor knowledge on mild, moderate, severe anxiety.

Conclusions and Suggestions: there was a significant relationship between knowledge about Covid-19 and the anxiety of pregnant women in dealing with the Covid-19 pandemic. Therefore, it is recommended that there is a need for collaboration between midwives and pregnant women to be able to reduce the anxiety faced by pregnant women, so that pregnant women still want to check their pregnancies with midwives using the recommended health protocols.

Keywords: Pregnant Women, Knowledge, Anxiety, Covid-19 Pandemic