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RESISTENSI ANTI JAMUR PADA DERMATOFITOSIS : LITERATURE REVIEW
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Dermatofitosis atau disebut juga tinea adalah sekelompok infeksi jamur yang disebabkan oleh jamur dermatofita. Telah terjadi peningkatan infeksi dermatofita yang resisten terhadap antijamur di seluruh dunia. Resistensi anti jamur awalnya tercatat di India namun kini juga dilaporkan di beberapa negara Eropa, Iran, Jepang, dan Tiongkok, serta baru-baru ini telah terjadi di Amerika Serikat. Tujuan penulisan artikel ini untuk mengkaji penelitian terdahulu mengenai resistensi anti jamur pada dermatofitosis. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain literature review, yaitu melakukan tinjauan sistematis dengan memilih artikel yang relevan dan sesuai dengan tujuan penelitian. Proses seleksi studi literatur diadaptasi dari PRISMA-ScR. Kriteria inklusi penelitian ini meliputi orisinalitas, penggunaan bahasa Inggris dan bahasa Indonesia, kata kunci meliputi dermatofita, dermatofitosis, tinea, resistensi, terbinafine, azol, dan griseovulfin. Resistensi anti jamur banyak terjadi pada terbinafine dibandingkan golongan azol. Agen penyebab dapat beragam seperti Trichophyton interdigitale, T. mentagrophytes, T. rubrum, Epidermopyton floccosum, dan Microsporum audouinii. Faktor penyebab resistensi anti jamur antara lain faktor jamur, host, obat, dan presentasi klinis. Dermatofitosis resisten anti jamur ditandai dengan dermatofitosis yang meluas dengan kekambuhan berulang setelah menjalani pengobatan yang berbeda, lesi seringkali berukuran besar dengan rasa gatal yang parah, serta keterlibatan beberapa lokasi tinea. Tatalaksana yang dapat dilakukan yaitu menaikan dosis terbinafine atau itrakonazol, penggunaan golongan azole yang baru, atau dengan terapi laser. Penggunaan anti jamur yang rasional, diagnosis dermatofitosis yang tepat dan pengujian susceptibility antijamur untuk memilih antijamur yang tepat penting dilakukan untuk keberhasilan pengobatan, sehingga dapat meningkatkan keberhasilan praktik klinis dalam mencegah infeksi dermatofita yang resisten.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/jikk.v11i5.13947
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