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Kapasitas Total Antioksidan, Kandungan Fenolik, Profil Fitokimia Dan Toksisitas Ekstrak Ubi Jalar Ungu (Ipomoea batatas L.)
Sari
Stres oksidatif, diinduksi oleh peningkatan radikal bebas, merupakan pemicu utama berbagai penyakit degeneratif, sehingga eksplorasi antioksidan alami menjadi krusial. Ubi ungu (Ipomoea batatas L.), dengan kandungan antosianin dan senyawa bioaktifnya, berpotensi sebagai sumber antioksidan. Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis kandungan fitokimia, kadar fenolik total, kapasitas antioksidan, dan potensi antimitotik ekstrak ubi jalar ungu. Simplisia dikeringkan, dan ekstraksi secara maserasi dan perkolasi menggunakan methanol, dilanjutkan evaporasi dan analisis ekstrak. Analisis fitokimia bertujuan mengidentifikasi senyawa metabolit sekunder yang terdapat dalam ekstrak. Kandungan fenolik total diukur menggunakan metode Folin-Ciocalteu. Sementara itu, kapasitas antioksidan dinilai menggunakan uji ABTS [2,2’-azinobis(3-etilbenzotiazolin-6-sulfonat)] dan Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP). Toksisitas diukur dengan Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT). Hasil uji fitokimia menunjukkan ekstrak ubi ungu mengandung alkaloid, glikosida, saponin, kardio glikosida, flavonoid, kumarin, steroid, fenol, kuinon, betasianin, terpenoid, tanin, dan antosianin. Kadar fenolik total terkuantifikasi sebesar 13,37 ± 0,32 mg GAE/g DW. Aktivitas antioksidan menunjukkan potensi kuat dengan nilai IC5₀ ABTS 43,81 μg/mL (TEAC=0,46±0,22) dan FRAP 19,03 μg/mL (TEAC=0,43±0,08). Uji toksisitas BSLT menghasilkan LC₅₀ 461,87 μg/mL, mengklasifikasikan ekstrak sebagai sedikit toksik. Secara konklusif, ekstrak ubi ungu memiliki potensi signifikan sebagai agen antioksidan alami dengan kemampuan penangkal radikal bebas dan potensi relevansi biologis berdasarkan aktivitas antioksidan, meski toksisitasnya memerlukan penelitian lanjutan sebelum aplikasi terapeutik.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/jikk.v13i1.22004
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