Karakteristik Pasien Fraktur Supracondylar Humerus Pada Anak Di Rsud Abdoel Wahab Sjahranie Samarinda Tahun 2020–2024

Syairil Nur Irfan, Achmad Fachrizal, Hary Nugroho

Sari


Fraktur supracondylar humerus merupakan salah satu jenis fraktur yang sering dialami oleh anak-anak dan dapat disertai komplikasi. Pasien fraktur supracondylar humerus memiliki karakteristik yang beragam di setiap daerahnya. Keberagaman ini menegaskan bahwa distribusi kasus tidak dapat digeneralisasi, sehingga diperlukan penelitian khusus di masing-masing daerah untuk memperoleh data lokal yang dapat digunakan sebagai dasar strategi penatalaksanaan dan upaya pencegahan komplikasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik pasien fraktur supracondylar humerus pada anak di RSUD Abdoel Wahab Sjahranie Samarinda tahun 2020–2024 berdasarkan usia anak, jenis kelamin, mekanisme cedera, klasifikasi Gartland, tatalaksana, dan komplikasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriptif retrospektif dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Data yang dianalisis adalah data sekunder yang bersumber dari rekam medik dan gambaran radiografi pasien anak usia 0–18 tahun yang telah didiagnosis fraktur supracondylar humerus, dengan sampel berjumlah 47 pasien yang diperoleh dengan teknik total sampling. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat dan disajikan dalam bentuk narasi serta tabel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar fraktur supracondylar humerus terjadi pada kelompok usia 0–6 tahun (61,7%) dan mayoritas pasien merupakan laki-laki (59,6%). Mekanisme cedera yang paling sering terjadi adalah tipe ekstensi (85,1%). Berdasarkan klasifikasi Gartland, sebagian besar pasien termasuk dalam mekanisme cedera tipe ekstensi dengan klasifikasi Gartland tipe III (59,6%). Tatalaksana yang paling sering dilakukan adalah tatalaksana operatif dengan metode Open Reduction Internal Fixation (ORIF) sebesar 72,3%. Sebagian besar pasien tidak mengalami komplikasi (78,7%), sedangkan komplikasi yang ditemui meliputi cedera neurologis (4,3%), malunion (2,1%), dan kekakuan sendi (14,9%). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan dominasi kasus fraktur supracondylar humerus pada anak usia 0-6 tahun, berjenis kelamin laki-laki, dengan mekanisme cedera tipe ekstensi dan klasifikasi Gartland tipe III, sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai dasar strategi penatalaksanaan dan upaya pencegahan komplikasi.


Kata Kunci


Fraktur Supracondylar Humerus; Anak; Klasifikasi Gartland; Komplikasi

Teks Lengkap:

PDF

Referensi


Alam, I., Ara, H., Islam, F., Hossain, I., Sultana, R., Alama, M., Akter, K., Hoque, S., Ashraf, Z., & Anisuzzaman. (2023). Clinical and radiological outcome of Gartland type-III closed supercondylar fracture of humerus in children treatment by percutaneous K-wires fixation. Saudi Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 9(9), 593–598. https://doi.org/10.36348/sjmps.2023.v09i09.001

Anjum, R., Sharma, V., Jindal, R., Singh, T. P., & Rathee, N. (2017). Epidemiologic pattern of paediatric supracondylar fractures of humerus in a teaching hospital of rural India: A prospective study of 263 cases. Chinese Journal of Traumatology, 20(3), 158–160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cjtee.2016.10.007

Ashraf, R. A., Asghar, K., Javed, A., Fareed, H., & Mobushir, M. (2023). Frequency of supracondylar humerus fracture in pediatric patients at a tertiary care hospital. Journal of Pakistan Orthopaedic Association, 35(2), 8–11.

Astawa, P., Maharjana, M. A., Adisthanaya, S., Putra, M. W. S., Putra, A. S., & Savio, S. D. (2021). Closed reduction percutaneous pinning (CRPP) versus open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) for pediatric supracondylar humerus fractures, Gartland type II and III: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of The Indonesian Medical Association, 71(4), 187–193.

https://doi.org/10.47830/jinma-vol.71.4-2021

Aulisa, A. G., Marsiolo, M., Basiglini, L., Aletto, C., Giordano, M., & Falciglia, F. (2023). Management of open pediatric fractures: Proposal of a new multidisciplinary algorithm. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 12(19). https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12196378

Ausó-Pérez, J. R., & Rodríguez-Blanes, G. M. (2020). Comprehensive analysis of pediatric supracondylar fractures in the emergency department: A single center experience. Bulletin of Emergency and Trauma, 8(3), 142–147. https://doi.org/10.30476/beat.2020.83195

Bahaeddini, M. R., Senemari, M. H., Beromi, M. S., Aminian, A., Tabrizian, P., Mohammadyahya, E., & Tayyebi, H. (2024). Epidemiological characteristics of pediatric supracondylar of humerus fractures in a tertiary hospital in Iran. Archives of Bone and Joint Surgery, 12(5), 333–336. https://doi.org/10.22038/ABJS.2024.73619.3409

Borrelli, J., Creath, R., & Rogers, M. W. (2021). Protective arm movements are modulated with fall height. Journal of Biomechanics, 99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2019.109569

Dalrymple, J., Ahluwalia, A., & Prinja, A. (2024). Paediatric supracondylar fractures: assessment and management. British Journal of Hospital Medicine, 85(2), 1–7.

Dekker, A. E., Krijnen, P., & Schipper, I. B. (2016). Results of crossed versus lateral entry K-wire fixation of displaced pediatric supracondylar humeral fractures: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Injury, 47(11), 2391–2398.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.injury.2016.08.022

Egol, K. A., Koval, K. J., & Zuckerman, J. D. (2020). Handbook of fractures (6th ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, a Wolters Kluwer business.

Habiburrahman, M. F., Leonas, R., & Marwoto, J. (2018). Karakteristik pasien fraktur suprakondiler humerus pada anak di RSUP DR. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang periode 2014-2017. Majalah Kedokteran Sriwijaya, 50(1), 26–32.

Ho, C. (2021). Upper extremity injuries. In J. A. Herring (Ed.), Tachdjian’s Pediatric Orthopaedics: From the Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children E-Book (6th ed., pp. 1175–1273). Elsevier.

Hohensteiner, A., Sator, T., Jaindl, M., Payr, S., Schuller, A., Hahn, S., Pichler, L., Schwendenwein, E., & Tiefenboeck, T. (2023). Correlation of fall height, fracture severity and clinical outcome in pediatric supracondylar fractures — A retrospective analysis with an observation period of 20 years. Children, 10(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/children10030510

Kashayi-Chowdojirao, S., & Yadala, D. R. (2022). Pediatric elbow – Developmental and radiological anatomy. Journal of Orthopaedic Association of South Indian States, 19(Suppl 1), S9–S18. https://doi.org/10.4103/2667-3665.346027

Kretschmer, L., Salali, G. D., Andersen, L. B., Hallal, P. C., Northstone, K., Sardinha, L. B., Dyble, M., & Bann, D. (2023). Gender differences in the distribution of children’s physical activity: Evidence from nine countries. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 20(103), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-023-01496-0

Kumar, U., & Shankar, A. (2025). Complications associated with pediatric supracondylar humerus fractures: A clinical analysis. International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Review and Research, 17(4), 591–595.

Luwito, J., & Murtanto, J. D. (2024). Navigating the challenges of severe open fractures between OREF and ORIF in complex trauma management: A case report. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 8(3), 4712–4717. https://doi.org/10.31004/prepotif.v8i3.33130

Martínez, J. L. A., Almero, L. P., Ortiz, R. M. C., & Anda, D. (2019). Epidemiological study on supracondylar fractures of distal humerus in pediatric patients. Revista Española de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología, 63(6), 394–399.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.recot.2019.07.001

Masumbuko, C. K., Mutheke, E. G., Mbindyo, B., & Hawkes, M. T. (2019). Delayed surgery leads to reduced elbow range of motion in children with supracondylar humeral fractures managed at a referral hospital in sub-Saharan Africa. African Health Sciences, 19(3), 2–7. https://doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v19i3.32

Nanda, K. J. S., Dewi, K. A. C., Meregawa, P. F., & Aryana, I. G. N. W. (2023). Karakteristik fraktur suprakondiler humerus pada anak-anak di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar periode 2017–2020. Jurnal Medika Udayana, 12(2), 34–39.

Okubo, H., Nakasone, M., Kinjo, M., Onaka, K., Futenma, C., & Kanaya, F. (2019). Epidemiology of paediatric elbow fractures: A retrospective multi-centre study of 488 fractures. Journal of Children’s Orthopaedics, 13(5), 516–521. https://doi.org/10.1302/1863-2548.13.190043

Oukhouya, M. A., Charki, M. T., Abdellaoui, H., Atarraf, K., & Afifi, M. A. (2023). Supracondylar fractures in children: A review of 120 cases. East African Scholars Journal of Medicine and Surgery, 5(8), 133–137. https://doi.org/10.36349/easjms.2023.v05i08.002

Peña Cardona, C. J., Medina Madrid, L. M., Trujillo González, C. I., Peña López, A. de J., & González González, V. (2020). Actualización en fracturas supracondíleas del codo en la infancia. Medicina UPB, 39(1), 57–70. https://doi.org/10.18566/medupb.v39n1.a09

Pierantoni, S., Alberghina, F., Cravino, M., Paonessa, M., Canavese, F., & Andreacchio, A. (2020). Functional and radiographic outcomes of Gartland type II supracondylar humerus fractures managed by closed reduction under nitrous oxide as conscious sedation. Journal of Pediatric Orthopedics. Part B, 29(2), 117–125. https://doi.org/10.1097/BPB.0000000000000679

Qiu, X., Deng, H., Zhao, Z., Zeng, S., Zeng, Y., Wang, X., Xu, H., Li, W., Chen, X., Yang, Q., Zhao, J., Li, S., Cui, Z., Tang, Y., Cui, S., Liu, M., Sun, Y., Feng, G., Tang, G., … Tang, S. (2022). Upper limb pediatric fractures in 22 tertiary children’s hospitals, China: a multicenter epidemiological investigation and economic factor analysis of 32,832 hospitalized children. Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research, 17(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13018-022-03159-5

Riansyah, D., & Putra, A. (2020). Epidemiologi fraktur suprakondiler humerus pada anak di Rumah Sakit Urip Sumoharjo Bandar Lampung periode 2014-2019. Jurnal Kedokteran Universitas Lampung, 4(2 SE-Research), 190–196. https://doi.org/10.23960/jkunila.v4i2.pp190-196

Sadler, T. W. (2019). Langman’s medical embryology (14th ed.). Wolters Kluwer.

Sanders, J. S., Ouillette, R. J., Howard, R., Boutelle, K., Carroll, A. N., Bastrom, T. P., Paik, C., Stearns, P., Pennock, A. T., & Upasani, V. V. (2023). Nonoperative versus operative treatment of type IIA supracondylar humerus fractures : A prospective evaluation of 99 patients. Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics, 43(1), 9–16. https://doi.org/10.1097/BPO.0000000000002282

Schoenecker, J. G., & Bae, D. S. (2025). Supracondylar fractures of the distal humerus. In P. M. Waters, D. L. Skaggs, J. M. Flynn, L. Andras, D. S. Bae, K. D. Baldwin, & J. G. Schoenecker (Eds.), Rockwood and Wilkins’ Fractures in Children (10th ed., pp. 1272–1425). Wolters Kluwer.

Shenoy, P. M., Islam, A., & Puri, R. (2020). Current management of paediatric supracondylar fractures of the humerus. Cureus, 12(5), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.8137

Silva, A. De, Alder-price, A. C., & Allcock, P. (2022). Incidence of flexion-type supracondylar fractures at a single Australian level one Paediatric Trauma Centre. ANZ Journal of Surgery, 92, 1826–1830. https://doi.org/10.1111/ans.17773

Standring, S. (2021). Gray’s anatomy: The anatomical basis of clinical practice (42nd ed.). Elsevier.

Surd, A., Muresan, R., Ciongradi, C. I., Sur, L. M., Ardelean, L. R., Usatiuc, L. O., Snakovszki, K., Munteanu, C., & Ioan, S. (2025). Modern treatment of supracondylar humeral fractures in children. Children, 12(5), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.3390/children12050556

Syapitri, H., Amila, & Aritonang, J. (2021). Buku ajar metodologi penelitian kesehatan. Ahlimedia Press.

Vaquero-Picado, A., González-Morán, G., & Moraleda, L. (2018). Management of supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children. EFORT Open Reviews, 3(10), 526–540. https://doi.org/10.1302/2058-5241.3.170049

Watts, A., & Warwick, D. (2017). Injuries of the elbow and forearm. In A. Blom, D. Warwick, & M. R. Whitehoue (Eds.), Apley & Solomon’s System of Orthopaedics and Trauma (10th ed., pp. 773–796). CRC Press.

Wisnu Satiti, R. D., Sahputra, R. E., & Silvia, R. (2020). Profil kejadian fraktur humerus pada anak di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang. Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Indonesia, 1(2 SE-Research Articles). https://doi.org/10.25077/jikesi.v1i2.54




DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/jikk.v13i7.24532

Refbacks

  • Saat ini tidak ada refbacks.


##submission.copyrightStatement##

##submission.license.cc.by-nc4.footer##

Pendidikan Dokter Universitas Malahayati Lampung


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.