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Modulasi Epigenetik Protein Klotho Oleh Latihan Resistance: Tinjauan Literatur Sistematis
Sari
Protein Klotho merupakan biomarker yang berperan dalam penuaan, regulasi metabolisme, serta perlindungan terhadap inflamasi dan stres oksidatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis secara sistematis pengaruh latihan resistensi terhadap ekspresi protein Klotho serta potensi keterlibatan mekanisme epigenetik. Systematic review dilakukan mengikuti pedoman PRISMA melalui pencarian pada PubMed, Scopus, dan Web of Science terhadap publikasi tahun 2019–2026. Dari 585 sumber yang teridentifikasi, dilakukan proses seleksi berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi hingga diperoleh 10 studi untuk sintesis kualitatif, terdiri atas 4 studi manusia dan 6 studi hewan. Proses seleksi dan penilaian dilakukan secara independen oleh dua reviewer, Dr dr Diniwati Mkhtar, M.Kes dan Dr. dr Aan Royhan, M.Biomed. Kualitas metodologis studi dinilai menggunakan Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Tools sesuai desain penelitian. Protokol systematic review ini tidak terdaftar di PROSPERO. Sebagian besar studi menunjukkan kecenderungan peningkatan ekspresi atau kadar Klotho setelah latihan resistensi atau latihan fisik dengan komponen resistensi, disertai perbaikan fungsi metabolik, peningkatan kapasitas antioksidan, serta penurunan stres oksidatif dan inflamasi. Namun, bukti langsung mengenai modulasi epigenetik Klotho melalui metilasi DNA, modifikasi histon, atau regulasi microRNA masih sangat terbatas. Dengan demikian, latihan resistensi berpotensi meningkatkan ekspresi Klotho, tetapi mekanisme epigenetik yang mendasarinya belum dapat disimpulkan secara pasti dan memerlukan konfirmasi melalui penelitian eksperimental lanjutan.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/jikk.v13i8.25459
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