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POTENSI HUBUNGAN BLASTOCYSTIS SPP. DENGAN SINDROM IRITASI USUS
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Blastocystis spp. adalah parasit anaerobik usus dan salah satu protista usus yang paling umum pada manusia. Tiga belas subtipe (ST1-ST13), dengan sembilan subtipe pertama telah ditemukan pada manusia. Status patogen dari Blastocystis spp. secara luas diperdebatkan dalam literatur untuk menentukan apakah mikroorganisme ini adalah organisme yang benar-benar patogen atau komensal, meskipun saat ini studi baru telah melaporkan mengenai Blastocystis spp. sebagai patogen. IBS adalah gangguan usus fungsional yang ditandai dengan nyeri perut kronis atau berulang yang terkait dengan perubahan kebiasaan usus. Oleh karena itu, dilakukan sebuah studi pustaka di database elektronik, perpustakaan, portal jurnal, dll untuk laporan tentang hubungan antara parasit ini dan IBS. Pemilihan tidak dibatasi oleh tanggal, tetapi artikel yang diterbitkan dalam sepuluh tahun terakhir lebih diutamakan. Blastocystis spp. diketahui tidak menginvasi mukosa kolon tetapi menyebabkan gangguan pada fungsi barier dan permeabilitas. Protease dari Blastocystis sp. dapat memainkan peran kunci dalam patogenesis IBS. Gangguan ini dapat dikaitkan dengan modifikasi dari lumen mikrobiota pada pasien IBS dibandingkan dengan pasien yang sehat. Saat ini, penjelasan paling meyakinkan namun belum memuaskan untuk patogenisitas Blastocystis spp. adalah korelasi dari subtipe (ST) dengan virulensi. Namun demikian, Blastocystis spp. hanya dapat dianggap sebagai indikator disbiosis.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/jikk.v9i4.7364
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