Edukasi Kesehatan Vaksinasi Human Papilloma Virus untuk Mencegah Kanker Serviks pada Siswi di Jakarta Timur

Dora Samaria, Desmawati Desmawati, Lina Ayu Marcelina, Raras Dwinova, Fauziah Mawaddah, Nevin Zhasmin Mizka

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ABSTRAK

 

Human Pappiloma Virus (HPV) adalah penyebab utama yang telah diidentifikasi sebagai etiologi kanker serviks. Vaksinasi HPV terbukti efektif menurunkan risiko wanita terpajan infeksi HPV. Pemerintah telah mewajibkan pemberian vaksinasi HPV gratis bagi anak sekolah untuk mencegah kanker serviks dikemudian hari, namun cakupan vaksinasi ini masih rendah karena penolakan orangtua, mitos seksualitas remaja dan berbagai kendala lainnya. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat dalam bentuk edukasi kesehatan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan siswi sekolah tentang kanker serviks dan pencegahannya melalui vaksinasi. Edukasi kesehatan diselenggarakan secara offline kepada 30 siswi di Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP) Yamas, Halim, Jakarta Timur, dengan menggunakan metode ceramah dan dilanjutkan dengan sesi diskusi. Pengetahuan peserta tentang kanker serviks dan vaksinansi HPV juga dievaluasi, baik sebelum dan sesudah pemberian materi edukasi. Kegiatan edukasi juga diselingi dengan sesi ice breaking. Sebanyak 30 siswi mengikuti kegiatan edukasi kesehatan ini. Sebelum pemberian materi, skor pretest peserta sebesar 27,30 dan terdapat peningkatan pada skor posttest menjadi 77,63 setelah edukasi diberikan. Rentang peningkatan skor pretest ke posttest sebesar 50,33 poin. Hasil paired t test menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan signifikan antara rerata skor pretest dengan posttest (p value 0,001, CI 95%). Hasil uji statistik mengindikasikan bahwa terdapat peningkatan skor pengetahuan yang signifikan antara sebelum dengan sesudah pemberian edukasi. Dengan demikian, disimpulkan bahwa kegiatan edukasi kesehatan dapat memfasilitasi peningkatan pengetahuan siswi tentang kanker serviks dan vaksinasi HPV. Tim pengabdian kepada masyarakat mengajukan rekomendasi kepada pihak sekolah agar dapat menyelenggarakan kegiatan promosi kesehatan serupa untuk dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan efikasi diri perempuan remaja untuk mendapatkan vaksinasi HPV.

 

Kata kunci: Kanker Serviks, Vaksinasi, Human Papilloma Virus (HPV), Remaja, Pengetahuan.

 

 

ABSTRACT

 

Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) is the main cause that has been identified as the etiology of cervical cancer. HPV vaccination has been shown to be effective in reducing the risk of women being exposed to the HPV infection. The government has made it mandatory to provide free HPV vaccination for school children to prevent cervical cancer in the future, but the vaccination rate of this vaccination is still low due to parental refusal, myths about adolescent sexuality and various other obstacles. This community service activity in the form of health education aims to increase the knowledge of schoolgirls about cervical cancer and its prevention through vaccination. Health education was held offline for 30 female students at Yamas Junior High School (SMP) Yamas, Halim, East Jakarta, using the lecture method and followed by discussion sessions. Participants' knowledge of cervical cancer and HPV vaccination was also evaluated, both before and after giving the educational materials. Educational activities are also interspersed with ice breaking sessions. A total of 30 female students participated in educational activities. Before giving the material, the participant's pretest score was 27.3 and there was an increase in the posttest score to 77.63 after the education was given. The range of increasing pretest to posttest scores was 50.33 points. The results of the paired t test showed that there was a significant difference between the mean pretest and posttest scores (p value 0.001, 95% CI). The results of the statistical tests indicated that there was a significant increase in the knowledge score between before and after the provision of education. Thus, health education activities can facilitate increased knowledge of female students about cervical cancer and HPV vaccination. The community service team submitted recommendations to the school so that they could organize similar health promotion activities to be able to increase the knowledge and confidence or self-efficacy of teenage girls to get the HPV vaccination.

 

Keywords: Cervical Cancer, Vaccination, Human Papilloma Virus (HPV), Adolescents, Knowledge


Kata Kunci


kanker serviks; vaksinasi; Human Papilloma Virus (HPV); remaja; pengetahuan.

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Referensi


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/jkpm.v6i7.10105

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