Panduan Penulisan
Intervensi Pencegahan Merokok dan Konsumsi Alkohol pada Remaja melalui Pendidikan Kesehatan sebagai Upaya Pencegahan Stunting
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ABSTRAK
Tahap perkembangan remaja sangat rentan akan perilaku berisiko. Kontrol emosi dan stres yang labil mengakibatkan remaja memilih mekanisme koping yang salah. Dampaknya, remaja dapat berisiko mengalami stunting. Perlu adanya penyuluhan terkait bahaya dan cara pencegahan konsumsi rokok dan alkohol guna mencegah terjadinya stunting. Dengan demikian, tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk melihat gambaran pengetahuan (kognitif) dari siswa kelas 7 salah satu SMP swasta di Kabupaten Bandung mengenai pencegahan penggunaan rokok dan alkohol. Pendidikan kesehatan dilaksanakan secara interaktif bertemakan menghindari rokok dan alkohol agar terhindar dari masalah kesehatan fisik dan mental guna mencegah terjadinya stunting. Pendidikan kesehatan diikuti oleh 72 siswa kelas 7 Sekolah Menengah Pertama. Evaluasi dari hasil pendidikan kesehatan dilakukan dengan memberikan soal Pre-test dan Post-test masing-masing sebanyak 5 soal. Sebanyak 55,55% remaja yang mengikuti pendidikan kesehatan dapat menjawab dengan benar ≥3 soal dari 5 soal yang tersedia dan sebanyak 33,33% mengalami peningkatan skor dari pre-test ke post-test. Pemahaman tentang bahaya merokok dan alkohol dapat diberikan sejak masa SMP dan dilakukan pemantauan berkelanjutan oleh guru di sekolah. Sekolah dapat memberikan kebijakan dan pelayanan UKS yang memadai bagi siswa. Pendidikan kesehatan berpengaruh positif dan secara signifikan meningkatkan pengetahuan remaja mengenai bahaya serta cara menghindari rokok dan alkohol. Kegiatan lanjutan berupa focus group discussion dan permainan dibutuhkan sebagai kegiatan lanjutan penguatan kognitif, afektif, dan psikomotor pencegahan merokok dan konsumsi alkohol pada siswa SMP.
Kata Kunci: Alkohol, Merokok, Pendidikan Kesehatan, Remaja, Stunting
ABSTRACT
The developmental stage of adolescents is very vulnerable to risky behavior and bad coping mechanisms. As a result, teenagers may be at risk of experiencing stunting. There is a need for education regarding the dangers and ways to prevent cigarette and alcohol consumption to prevent stunting. This research aims to describe the knowledge (cognitive) of grade 7 students at one of the private junior high schools in Bandung Regency regarding preventing the use of cigarettes and alcohol. Health education was carried out interactively with the theme of avoiding smoking and alcohol to avoid physical and mental health problems to prevent stunting. Health education was attended by 72 grade 7 junior high school students. Evaluation of the results of health education was carried out by providing pre-tests and post-tests. As many as 55.55% of teenagers who took part in health education were able to answer ≥3 questions correctly out of the 5 questions available and as many as 33.33% experienced an increase in scores from pre-test to post-test. Understanding of the dangers of smoking and alcohol can be given since junior high school and ongoing monitoring by teachers at school. Schools can provide adequate UKS policies and services for students. Health education has a positive effect and significantly increases teenagers' knowledge about the disadvantages and how to avoid smoking and alcohol. Further activities in the form of focus group discussions and games are needed as further activities to strengthen cognitive, affective, and psychomotor skills to prevent smoking and alcohol consumption in junior high school students.
Keywords: Adolescents, Alcohol, Health Education, Smoking
Kata Kunci
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/jkpm.v7i2.13084
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