Pelatihan Ibu Hamil tentang Pencegahan Respiratory Distress Sindrom Pada Bayi Baru Lahir di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Batang Beruh Sidikalang Kabupaten Dairi

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ABSTRAK

Respiratory Distress Sindrom atau penyakit membrane hialin merupakan salah satu penyumbang besar angka kematian bayi baru lahir sebesar 14% di Indonesia. Menurut data Profil Kesehatan Indonesia 2020 dan 2021 bahwa penyebab kematian neonatal terbanyak adalah kondisi berat badan lahir rendah (BBLR). Penyebab kematian lainnya di antaranya asfiksia, infeksi, kelainan kongenital, tetanus neonatorium, dan lainnya. Pada tahun 2021 Penyebab kematian neonatal terbanyak adalah kondisi Berat Badan Lahir Rendah (BBLR) sebesar 34,5% dan asfiksia sebesar 27,8%. Peserta/sasaran kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah ibu hamil di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Batang Beruh Kecamatan Sidikalang Kabupaten Dairi sebanyak 97 (Sembilan puluh tujuh) orang. hari bertempat di 6 (enam) posyandu yaitu tanggal 02 Agustus 2023 di Posyandu Bintang Selamat, tanggal 04 di Posyandu Balai Desa Sidiangkat, tanggal 07 Agustus 2023 di posyandu Bintang Mersada dan Posyandu Kalang Simbara dan tanggal 08 Agustus 2023 di Posyandu Simpang Pesantren Sidiangkat dan Posyandu Bintang Hulu Kecamatan Sidikalang. Berdasarkan hasil pre dan post test terdapat perubahan signifikan pada pengetahuan sasaran (ibu hamil) setelah diberikan edukasi, di mana sebelum diberikan edukasi yang memiliki pengetahuan baik hanya 1,03 %, cukup 6,19% dan pengetahuan kurang sebanyak 92,78 %, tetapi setelah diberikan edukasi yang memiliki pengetahuan baik sebanyak 18 orang (18,56%), cukup 51.55% dan pengetahuan kurang 29,90%. Demikian juga halnya dengan sikap ibu hamil tentang pencegahan RDS pada bayi baru lahir. Sebelum diberikan edukasi , yang mempunyai sikap negative ada 88 orang (90,72%) tetapi setelah diberikan edukasi menurun signifikan yang bersikap negative menjadi 16 0rang (16,49%). Pada saat pelaksanaan Evaluasi yang dilaksanakan satu bulan kemudian, dilakukan test kepada ibu hamil yang mendapatkan edukasi pada saat pelaksanaan kegiatan, ada 86 orang ibu hamil yang datang ke 6 posyandu tempat pelaksanaan kegiatan, hasil test pengetahuan ibu hamil tentang RDS didapati 83 orang (91,51%) pengetahuan baik, dua orang (23,26%) pengetahuan cukup dan hanya satu orang (11,62%) yang pengetahuannya kurang.

Kata Kunci: Peningkatan Pengetahuan, Ibu Hamil, RDS pada BBL

ABSTRACT

Respiratory Distress Syndrome or hyaline membrane disease is a major contributor to the 14% newborn mortality rate in Indonesia. According to the 2020 and 2021 Indonesian Health Profile data, the most common cause of neonatal death is low birth weight (LBW). Other causes of death include asphyxia, infection, congenital abnormalities, neonatal tetanus, and others. In 2021, the most common cause of neonatal death is Low Birth Weight (LBW) at 34.5% and asphyxia at 27.8%. The participants/targets of this community service activity are 97 (ninety-seven) pregnant women in the Batang Beruh Community Health Center working area, Sidikalang District, Dairi Regency. day at 6 (six) posyandu, namely 02 August 2023 at Posyandu Bintang Selamat, 04 at Posyandu Balai Desa Sidiangkat, 07 August 2023 at posyandu Bintang Mersada and Posyandu Kalang Simbara and 08 August 2023 at Posyandu Simpang Pesantren Sidiangkat and Posyandu Bintang Hulu, Sidikalang District. Based on the pre and post test results, there was a significant change in the knowledge of the target (pregnant women) after being given education, where before being given education, only 1.03% had good knowledge, 6.19% had sufficient knowledge and 92.78% had poor knowledge, but After being given education, 18 people (18.56%) had good knowledge, 51.55% had sufficient knowledge and 29.90% had poor knowledge. Likewise with the attitudes of pregnant women regarding preventing RDS in newborn babies. Before being given education, there were 88 people (90.72%) who had negative attitudes, but after being given education, there was a significant decrease in negative attitudes to 16 people (16.49%). At the time of the evaluation which was carried out one month later, tests were carried out on pregnant women who received education during the implementation of the activity, there were 86 pregnant women who came to the 6 posyandu where the activity was carried out, the results of the knowledge test of pregnant women about RDS were found to be 83 people (91, 51%) had good knowledge, two people (23.26%) had sufficient knowledge and only one person (11.62%) had poor knowledge.

Keywords: Increased Knowledge, Pregnant Women, RDS in BBL