Panduan Penulisan
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat dalam Mencegah Faktor Risiko Diabetes Mellitus
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ABSTRAK
Diabetes melitus adalah gangguan metabolik kronis dan saat ini menjadi beban dalam sistem layanan kesehatan. Pendekatan multifaset diperlukan dalam pencegahan dan penanganan diabetes. Pemberdayaan masyarakat merupakan proses yang memungkinkan masyarakat untuk meningkatkan kontrol atas kehidupan mereka. Adanya pemberdayaan masyarakat diharapkan mampu mengatasi faktor risiko diabetes terutama faktor yang dapat dimodifikasi seperti diet, aktivitas fisik, kebiasaan merokok, dan konsumsi alkohol. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan status kesehatan peserta didik meliputi Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT), tekanan darah, dan kadar glukosa darah sewaktu, asam urat, dan kolesterol, serta memberdayakan komunitas dengan meningkatkan pengetahuan melalui pendidikan kesehatan mengenai faktor risiko dan pencegahan diabetes. Kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat ini dilakukan pada 10 Maret 2024. Metode pembelajaran adalah ceramah, diskusi, demonstrasi dan return-demonstration. Media pembelajaran yang digunakan adalah PowerPoint dan alat peraga berupa kertas koran. Hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah mayoritas peserta memiliki IMT normal (41,71%) dan 35,58% mengalami overweight serta obesitas sebanyak 17,17%. Mayoritas peserta memiliki tekanan darah normal (60,73%), namun terdapat kasus pra-hipertensi dan hipertensi. Selain itu, mayoritas peserta memiliki kadar glukosa darah (52,14%) dan kadar kolesterol (69,32%) yang tidak normal. Intervensi kesehatan diperlukan untuk mengelola faktor risiko ini dengan pemberdayaan masyarakat dalam memodifikasi gaya hidup, melakukan pendidikan kesehatan secara berkelanjutan kepada masyarakat dan pemantauan rutin.
Kata Kunci: Diabetes Melitus, Pendidikan Kesehatan, Pemberdayaan Masyarakat
ABSTRACT
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder and currently imposes a burden on the healthcare system. A multifaceted approach is needed to prevent and treat diabetes. Community empowerment is a process that enables people to increase control over their lives. Empowering the community is expected to help overcome diabetes risk factors, especially modifiable factors such as diet, physical activity, smoking habits, and alcohol consumption. This activity aimed to describe the health status, including BMI, blood pressure, blood glucose levels, uric acid, and cholesterol, and empowering the community by increasing knowledge through health education regarding risk factors and prevention of diabetes. This activity was conducted on March 10, 2024. The learning methods included lectures, discussions, demonstrations, and return-demonstrations. The learning media used were PowerPoint presentations and teaching aids in the form of newspapers. The results of this activity showed that the majority had a normal BMI (41.71%), while others were overweight (35.58%) or obese (17.17%). Most had normal blood pressure (60.73%), but some cases of pre-hypertension and hypertension were observed. Most had abnormal blood glucose levels (52.14%) and cholesterol levels (69.32%). Health interventions are needed to manage these risk factors through community empowerment, ongoing health education, regular monitoring, and lifestyle modifications.
Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Community Empowerment, Health Education
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/jkpm.v7i7.15006
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