Skrining Infeksi Kecacingan pada Balita di Posyandu Griya Anugerah

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ABSTRAK

Cacingan adalah infeksi parasit yang masih umum di masyarakat namun kurang mendapat perhatian. Kelompok usia paling rentan adalah balita dan anak usia sekolah dasar. Penyakit ini termasuk kategori neglected disease karena sifatnya kronis dan gejalanya tidak langsung terlihat. Dampak jangka panjangnya mencakup kekurangan gizi, gangguan tumbuh kembang, dan penurunan kemampuan kognitif. Cacingan juga dapat menyebabkan anemia, kelelahan, serta penurunan prestasi belajar. Penyakit ini masih banyak ditemukan di Indonesia, khususnya jenis Soil Transmitted Helminths (STH) seperti cacing gelang, cambuk, kremi, dan pita. Infeksi ini dapat menurunkan kondisi gizi, kecerdasan, dan produktivitas, sehingga merugikan secara ekonomi dan sosial. Cacingan berdampak pada penurunan hemoglobin dan metabolisme otak, mengakibatkan penurunan daya tahan tubuh serta gangguan fisik dan mental anak. Pencegahan dapat dilakukan melalui peran ibu dalam menjaga kebersihan serta pemberian obat cacing albendazol sebagai bagian dari program nasional sesuai PMK No. 15 Tahun 2017. Upaya promotif dan deteksi dini sangat diperlukan untuk mencegah dampak jangka panjang infeksi ini terhadap kualitas sumber daya manusia. Sasaran pengmas adalah 50 balita di posyandu Griya Anugerah. Metodenya dengan melakukan penyuluhan tentang kecacingan, pencegahan, dan cara mengatasi infeksi kecacingan pada balita, melakukan penyuluhan tentang infeksi kecacingan dan risikonya, memotong kuku balita secara bergantian, melakukan deteksi dini infeksi cacing menggunakan kuku, dan melakukan pencatatan hasil. Skrining infeksi kecacingan pada balita yang dilaksanakan di Posyandu Perum Griya Anugerah menunjukkan antusiasme tinggi dari para ibu, dengan banyak pertanyaan seputar penyebab dan pencegahan kecacingan. Hasil pemeriksaan menunjukkan adanya telur dan larva cacing tambang pada kuku balita, yang berisiko tertelan akibat kebiasaan bermain tanah dan kurangnya kebersihan tangan. Pencegahan dapat dilakukan melalui kebiasaan mencuci tangan, memotong kuku secara rutin, memakai alas kaki, serta pemberian obat cacing secara berkala.

Kata Kunci: Infeksi Kecacingan, Skrining, Parasitologi, Analis Kesehatan

ABSTRACT

Worms are a parasitic infection that is still common in society but has received little attention. The most vulnerable age groups are toddlers and elementary school children. This disease is categorized as a neglected disease because it is chronic and the symptoms are not immediately visible. The long-term impacts include malnutrition, impaired growth and development, and decreased cognitive abilities. Worms can also cause anemia, fatigue, and decreased learning achievement. This disease is still widely found in Indonesia, especially the Soil Transmitted Helminths (STH) type such as roundworms, whipworms, pinworms, and tapeworms. This infection can reduce nutritional conditions, intelligence, and productivity, thus causing economic and social losses. Worms have an impact on decreasing hemoglobin and brain metabolism, resulting in decreased immunity and physical and mental disorders in children. Prevention can be done through the role of mothers in maintaining cleanliness and providing albendazole worm medicine as part of the national program according to PMK No. 15 of 2017. Promotional efforts and early detection are needed to prevent the long-term impacts of this infection on the quality of human resources. The target of the community service is 50 toddlers at the Griya Anugerah integrated health post. The method is by providing counseling on worms, prevention, and how to overcome worm infections in toddlers, providing counseling on worm infections and their risks, cutting toddlers' nails alternately, conducting early detection of worm infections using nails, and recording the results. Screening for worm infections in toddlers carried out at Posyandu Perum Griya Anugerah showed high enthusiasm from mothers, with many questions about the causes and prevention of worms. The results of the examination showed the presence of hookworm eggs and larvae on toddlers' nails, which are at risk of being swallowed due to the habit of playing in the soil and lack of hand hygiene. Prevention can be done through the habit of washing hands, cutting nails regularly, wearing footwear, and giving worm medicine periodically.

Keywords: Worm Infection, Screening, Parasitology, Health Analyst.