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Peningkatan Pengetahuan Masyarakat Dewasa melalui Edukasi Penggunaan Antibiotik Secara Rasional di Kota Bengkulu
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ABSTRAK
Penggunaan antibiotik yang tidak tepat dapat mempercepat resistensi antimikroba. Keterbatasan pemahaman masyarakat mengenai fungsi, indikasi, cara memperoleh, dan aturan penggunaan antibiotik menunjukkan perlunya edukasi yang mudah dipahami. Meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat dewasa non-tenaga kesehatan mengenai penggunaan antibiotik secara rasional. Kegiatan dilaksanakan pada Juni 2026 di tiga lokasi di Kota Bengkulu dengan melibatkan 50 peserta. Edukasi diberikan melalui ceramah, media presentasi, leaflet, diskusi, dan tanya jawab. Pengetahuan diukur sebelum dan sesudah edukasi menggunakan 10 soal pilihan ganda yang mencakup lima domain pengetahuan. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif dan menggunakan Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Rerata skor meningkat dari 44,60 ± 12,81 pada pretest menjadi 78,80 ± 8,24 pada posttest, sedangkan median meningkat dari 45 (20–70) menjadi 80 (60–90). Skor posttest lebih tinggi secara bermakna dibandingkan pretest (Z = −6,12; p < 0,001), dengan ukuran efek besar (r = 0,87). Sebanyak 49 peserta mengalami peningkatan skor, satu peserta memiliki skor tetap, dan tidak ada peserta yang mengalami penurunan. Peningkatan terjadi pada seluruh domain, terutama pengetahuan dasar antibiotik dan penggunaan antibiotik secara rasional. Setelah edukasi, pengetahuan peserta meningkat pada seluruh domain yang dinilai. Kegiatan serupa disarankan dilakukan secara berkala disertai evaluasi lanjutan terhadap retensi pengetahuan serta perubahan sikap dan perilaku.
Kata Kunci: Antibiotik, Edukasi Kesehatan, Pengetahuan, Penggunaan Rasional, Resistensi Antimikroba.
ABSTRACT
Inappropriate antibiotic use can accelerate antimicrobial resistance. Limited public understanding of antibiotic functions, indications, access, and appropriate use highlights the need for accessible education. To improve knowledge of rational antibiotic use among adults without healthcare professional backgrounds. The activity was conducted in June 2026 at three locations in Bengkulu City and involved 50 participants. Education was delivered through lectures, presentation media, leaflets, discussions, and question-and-answer sessions. Knowledge was assessed before and after the activity using 10 multiple-choice questions covering five knowledge domains. Data were analyzed descriptively and using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The mean score increased from 44.60 ± 12.81 at pretest to 78.80 ± 8.24 at posttest, while the median increased from 45 (20–70) to 80 (60–90). Posttest scores were significantly higher than pretest scores (Z = −6.12; p < 0.001), with a large effect size (r = 0.87). Scores increased in 49 participants, remained unchanged in one, and decreased in none. Improvements occurred across all domains, particularly basic antibiotic knowledge and rational antibiotic use. Participants’ knowledge improved across all assessed domains after education. Similar activities should be conducted periodically and followed by further evaluation of knowledge retention and changes in attitudes and behavior.
Keywords: Antibiotics, Antimicrobial Resistance, Health Education, Knowledge, Rational Use.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/jkpm.v9i9.27326
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