Strategi Pemberdayaan Kader dan Masyarakat sebagai Upaya Preventif Hipertensi melalui Edukasi Diet Dash (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension)
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ABSTRAK
Hipertensi merupakan salah satu penyakit tidak menular (PTM) yang menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat di dunia, termasuk di Indonesia. Salah satu pendekatan nonfarmakologis yang telah terbukti efektif dalam mencegah dan mengendalikan hipertensi adalah penerapan pola makan Diet DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension). Strategi pemberdayaan kader dan masyarakat melalui edukasi Diet DASH diharapkan mampu meningkatkan pengetahuan dalam mencegah hipertensi. Meningkatkan pengetahuan dan pemahaman kader posyandu dan masyarakat tentang hipertensi dan selingan/snack diet DASH sebagai upaya pencegahan hipertensi. Metode pengabdian masyarakat berupa penyuluhan dan demonstrasi Kudapan diet DASH dengan pemberian ceramah untuk menjelaskan teori hipertensi, demonstrasi pembuatan Kudapan DASH diet, diskusi dan tanya jawab interaktif dengan ibu kader posyandu, penggunaan media modul, serta kuesioner pre-test dan post-test untuk mengukur peningkatan pengetahuan kader dan masyarakat. Terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan kader yakni pengetahuan sebelum penyuluhan dengan skor benar <60 sebanyak 0%, 60-80 sebanyak 57,1% dan >80 sebanyak 42,9%. Setelah pelaksanaan penyuluhan, pengetahuan mulai meningkat dibuktikan dengan skor 60-80 sebanyak 28,6% dan skor >80 sebanyak 5 responden (71,4%). Pengetahuan pada masyarakat yakni pengetahuan sebelum penyuluhan dengan skor benar <60 sebanyak 32,25%, 60-80 sebanyak 48,39% dan >80 sebanyak 19,35%. Setelah pelaksanaan penyuluhan, pengetahuan mulai meningkat dibuktikan dengan skor <60 sebanyak 3,23%, skor 60-80 sebanyak 45,16% dan skor >80 sebanyak 16 responden (51,61%). Dalam hal ini terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan sesudah diberikan penyuluhan. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat berjalan lancar dan mendapat antusias yang baik dari kader posyandu dan masyarakat, terdapat peningkatkan pengetahuan pada kader, masyarakat sebelum dan sesudah diberikan edukasi.
Kata Kunci: Diet DASH, Hipertensi, Pemberdayaan Kader Dan Masyarakat.
ABSTRACT
Hypertension is a non-communicable disease (NCD) that poses a global public health challenge, including in Indonesia. One effective non-pharmacological approach for preventing and controlling hypertension is the adoption of the DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet. Strategies to empower health volunteers and the community through DASH diet education are expected to enhance knowledge regarding hypertension prevention. To improve the knowledge and understanding of *Posyandu* (integrated health post) volunteers and the community regarding hypertension and DASH-compliant snacks as a preventive measure. This community service activity employed health education and demonstrations of DASH-compliant snacks. Activities included lectures on hypertension theory, demonstrations of snack preparation, interactive discussions and Q&A sessions with *Posyandu* volunteers, the use of educational modules, and pre- and post-test questionnaires to measure knowledge improvement among volunteers and community members. Knowledge among volunteers improved; prior to the session, the distribution of correct scores was <60 (0%), 60–80 (57.1%), and >80 (42.9%). Following the session, knowledge increased, evidenced by scores of 60–80 (28.6%) and scores >80 (5 respondents or 71.4%). Community knowledge also improved; prior to the session, the distribution of correct scores was <60 (32.25%), 60–80 (48.39%), and >80 (19.35%). After the session, knowledge increased, evidenced by scores of <60 (3.23%), 60–80 (45.16%), and >80 (16 respondents or 51.61%). Overall, there was an increase in knowledge following the educational intervention. The community service activity proceeded smoothly and was met with enthusiasm by *Posyandu* volunteers and the community; an increase in knowledge was observed among both volunteers and community members following the education provided.
Keywords: DASH Diet, Hypertension, Empowerment of Health Volunteers and the Community.
Kata Kunci
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/jkpm.v9i9.27541
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