Pemeriksaan Kesehatan dan Edukasi Kesehatan pada Lansia di Kelurahan Kapuk Jakarta Barat
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ABSTRAK
Peningkatan populasi jumlah penduduk lansia dari tahun ketahun sampai tahun 2050 harus dipersiapkan dengan upaya-upaya peningkatan lansia yang produktif dan sehat pula, karena pada saat seseorang berada pada usia lansia mulai menunjukkan penurunan kondisi kesehatan dan timbulnya berbagai penyakit kronis. Penyakit yang sering terjadi pada lansia adalah hipertensi dan diabetes melitus. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pelayanan kesehatan dan informasi yang tepat untuk penanganan kesehatan di masa lansia. Kegiatan dilakukan di Kelurahan Kapuk, Jakarta Barat kepada lansia sebanyak 105 orang. Metode pelaksanaan yang dilakukan meliputi : Tahap persiapan : melakukan pendekatan melalui RT dan RW setempat, persiapan bahan dan alat; Tahapan pelaksanaan: melakukan pelayanan kesehatan dan edukasi kesehatan berupa penyuluhan dan konsultasi gizi perorangan; Tahapan evaluasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuisioner. Setiap tahapan kegiatan dilakukan sesuai standar operasional prosedur (SOP) yang telah disepakati bersama serta menerapkan protokol kesehatan. Hasil kegiatan mayoritas responden kategori pralansia (53,3%), mayoritas perempuan (71,4%), mayoritas menikah (75,2%), mayoritas dengan pendidikan SD (55,23%), mayoritas ibu rumah tangga (65,7%). Mayoritas responden dengan kategori hipertensi tingkat II (31,4%), responden dengan diabetes melitus (16,2%) dan responden dengan asam urat (21%). Mayoritas responden diberikan konsultasi gizi mengenai hipertensi (67,61%) dan terkecil dengan kategori konsultasi gizi mengenai diabetes mellitus (16,19%). Setelah mendapatkan pelayanan kesehatan, mayoritas responden memiliki pengetahuan yang baik (73,53%). Demikian juga pada responden setelah mendapatkan konsultasi gizi mengenai diabetes, hipertensi, asam urat, mayoritas memiliki pengetahuan yang baik. Responden menyampaikan pelayanan yang diterima sangat memuaskan, baik pada pelayanan penyuluhan kesehatan (61,76%), pada responden yang diberikan konsultasi gizi mengenai diabetes melitus (88,23%), pada responden yang diberikan konsultasi gizi mengenai hipertensi (69,01%) dan pada responden yang diberikan konsultasi gizi mengenai asam urat (72,72%). Setelah dilakukan kegiatan pengetahuan responden baik dan responden sangat puas dengan pelayanan yang diberikan. Diharapkan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat pada lansia dapat dilakukan secara continue dan dapat dilakukan juga pada kelompok fase dewasa tengah (40-60 tahun) untuk mempersiapkan masa tua yang produktif dimasa yang akan datang dan mencegah resiko penyakit pada masa lanjut usia.
Kata Kunci: Lansia, Hipertensi, Diabetes Mellitus, Asam Urat, dan Pengetahuan
ABSTRACT
The increase in the population of the elderly population from year to year until 2050 must be prepared with efforts to increase the elderly who are productive and healthy as well, because when someone is at an elderly age they begin to show a decline in health conditions and the emergence of various chronic diseases. Diseases that often occur in the elderly are hypertension and diabetes mellitus. This community service activity aims to provide appropriate health services and information for health care in the elderly. The activity was carried out in Kapuk Village, West Jakarta for 105 elderly people. The implementation method used includes: Preparatory stage: approaching through the local RT and RW, preparing materials and tools; Stages of implementation: providing health services and health education in the form of counseling and individual nutrition consultations; The evaluation stage is carried out using a questionnaire. Each stage of the activity is carried out according to mutually agreed standard operating procedures (SOP) and implements health protocols. The results of the activities of the majority of respondents were in the pre-elderly category (53.3%), the majority were women (71.4%), the majority were married (75.2%), the majority had elementary school education (55.23%), the majority were housewives (65.7 %). The majority of respondents were in the category of hypertension level II (31.4%), respondents with diabetes mellitus (16.2%) and respondents with gout (21%). The majority of respondents were given nutrition consultations regarding hypertension (67.61%) and the smallest were in the category of nutritional consultations regarding diabetes mellitus (16.19%). After receiving health services, the majority of respondents had good knowledge (73.53%). Likewise for the respondents after receiving nutritional consultation regarding diabetes, hypertension, gout, the majority had good knowledge. Respondents said that the services they received were very satisfactory, both in health counseling services (61.76%), in respondents who were given nutritional consultations about diabetes mellitus (88.23%), in respondents who were given nutritional consultations about hypertension (69.01%) and the respondents who were given nutritional consultation regarding gout (72.72%). After carrying out activities the knowledge of the respondents was good and the respondents were very satisfied with the services provided. It is hoped that community service activities for the elderly can be carried out continuously and can also be carried out in the middle adult phase group (40-60 years) to prepare for a productive old age in the future and prevent the risk of disease in the elderly.
Keywords: Elderly, Hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus, Gout, and Knowledge
Kata Kunci
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/jkpm.v6i2.8451
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