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Efektivitas Backward Walking Program terhadap Perubahan Kontrol Postural dan Risiko Jatuh pada Lansia di Lembaga Kesejahteraan Sosial Batara Hati Mulia Kabupaten Gowa
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ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the backward walking program (BWP) on changes in posture control and the risk of falls in the elderly. This study used a quasi-experimental design with a two-group pretest posttest control group design. Forty respondents were divided into two groups, 20 respondents belonged to the experimental group and 20 respondents belonged to the control group. The experimental group was given BWP treatment and the control group was given elderly gymnastics treatment. To measure postural control using a berg balance scale (BBS) and fall risk using a time up and go test (TUGT). Based on Wilcoxon's results, it was shown that there was an influence before and after BWP administration in the experimental group in BBS (p = 0.000) and TUGT (p = 0.000). Furthermore, from Mann Whitney, it is known that in BBS measurements, in the experimental group there was a significant difference with elderly gymnastics (p = 0.000), and in TUGT there was a very significant difference with elderly gymnastics (p = 0.000). The study concluded that BWP is more effective in improving postural control and fall risk in the elderly. And BWP is more effective than elderly gymnastics to improve postural control, and reduce the risk of falls in the elderly.
Keywords: Backward Walking Program, Postural Control, Fall Risk
ABSTRAK
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas backward walking program (BWP) terhadap perubahan kontrol postur dan risiko jatuh pada lansia. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain quasi experimental dengan desain two group pretest posttest control group design. Empat puluh responden dibagi menjadi dua kelompok, 20 responden termasuk dalam kelompok eksperimen dan 20 responden termasuk dalam kelompok kontrol. Kelompok eksperimen diberi perlakuan BWP dan kelompok kontrol diberi perlakuan senam lansia. Untuk mengukur kontrol postural menggunakan berg balance scale (BBS) dan risiko jatuh menggunakan time up and go test (TUGT). Berdasarkan hasil wilcoxon menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh sebelum dan sesudah pemberian BWP pada kelompok eksperimen dalam BBS (p=0,000) dan TUGT (p=0,000). Selanjutnya dari mann whitney diketahui bahwa pada pengukuran BBS, pada kelompok eksperimen ada perbedaan yang signifikan dengan senam lansia (p=0,000), dan pada TUGT terdapat perbedaan yang sangat bermakna dengan senam lansia (p=0,000). Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa BWP lebih efektif dalam meningkatkan kontrol postural dan resiko jatuh pada lansia. Serta BWP lebih efektif dibandingkan senam lansia untuk meningkatkan kontrol postural, dan menurunkan risiko jatuh pada lansia.
Kata Kunci: Backward Walking Program, Kontrol Postural, Resiko Jatuh
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/mnj.v5i8.10539
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