Asuhan Keperawatan Keluarga Pada Anak Usia Remaja dengan Thalasemia di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Terminal

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ABSTRACT

The incidence of Thalassemia is increasing every year, causing Thalassemia disease in children to have physical, psychological, social and economic impacts on children and families due to the treatment and care provided for a lifetime. Identifying the description of family nursing care in adolescent children with Thalassemia in detail and in depth which emphasizes aspects of nursing care in Thalassemia pediatric patients. Identifying the description of family nursing care in adolescent children with Thalassemia in detail and in depth which emphasizes aspects of nursing care in Thalassemia pediatric patients. Signs of symptoms in the case of colley facies face, looking thin, anemic conjunctiva, deep eyelids, dry palpable skin, blackish skin color pigmentation, and hepatomegaly. Nursing problems of skin integrity disorders, activity intolerance, nutritional deficits and caregiver tension. Interventions given diagnosis I skin integrity care, skin care education, diagnosis II activity management, diagnosis III nutritional management, and diagnosis IV family support with 3x20 minutes implementation. The evaluation found that all diagnoses were resolved except for nutritional deficits where the problem was partially resolved so that it was necessary to increase nutrition to prevent splenomegaly. Signs and symptoms that occur in children look pale, look thin, there is an increase in skin color pigmentation, face colley, cold palpable acral, dry skin, anemic conjunctiva and inward eyelids. Nursing diagnoses obtained were skin integrity disorders, activity intolerance, nutritional deficits and care giver role strain. Partially resolved nursing diagnoses are nutritional deficits, this is a metabolic complication that affects BMI and nutritional status has not improved.

Keywords: Adolescent, Child, Family, Nursing Care, Thalasemia

ABSTRAK

Angka kejadian Thalasemia setiap tahun semakin bertambah, menimbulkan penyakit Thalasemia pada anak berdampak pada fisik, psikologis, sosial dan ekonomi bagi anak dan keluarga akibat pengobatan dan penanganan yang diberikan selama seumur hidup. Mengidentifikasi gambaran asuhan keperawatan keluarga pada anak usia remaja dengan Thalasemia secara rinci dan mendalam yang ditekankan pada aspek asuhan keperawatan pada pasien anak Thalasemia. Penelitian deskriptif studi kasus, sampel penelitian kepada keluarga dengan anak Thalasemia. Pengumpulan data dengan data primer seperti observasi, wawancara dan lembar asuhan keperawatan dan data sekunder hasil laboratorium, analisa data univariat kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Tanda gejala pada kasus wajah facies colley, tampak kurus, konjungtiva anemis, kelopak mata dalam, kulit teraba kering, pigmentasi warna kulit kehitaman, dan hepatomegali. Masalah keperawatan gangguan integritas kulit, intoleransi aktivitias, defisit nutrisi dan ketegangan pemberi asuhan. Intervensi yang diberikan diagnosa I perawatan integritas kulit, edukasi perawatan kulit, diagnosa II manajemen aktivitas, diagnosa III manajemen nutrisi, dan diagnosa IV dukungan keluarga dengan implementasi 3x20 menit. Evaluasi didapatkan semua diagnosa teratasi kecuali defisit nutrisi adanya masalah teratasi sebagian sehingga perlu peningkatan nutrisi untuk mencegah terjadinya splenomegali. Tanda gejala yang terjadi pada anak tampak pucat, tampak kurus, adanya peningkatan pigmentasi warna kulit, face colley, akral teraba dingin, kulit teraba kering, konjungtiva anemis dan kelopak mata ke dalam. Diagnosa keperawatan yang di dapatkan gangguan integritas kulit, intoleransi aktivitas, defisit nutrisi dan ketegangan peran pemberi asuhan. Diagnosa keperawatan yang teratasi sebagian yaitu defisit nutrisi hal ini adanya komplikasi metabolik yang mempengaruhi IMT dan status gizi belum membaik.

Kata Kunci: Anak, Asuhan Keperawatan, Keluarga, Thalasemia, Usia Remaja.