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Hubungan Vitamin D dengan Kontrol Glikemik Menurut HBA1C Pada Pasien Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 1 dan 2
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ABSTRACT
Vitamin D is a fat-soluble secosteroid hormone. It is currently believed that vitamin D has many extraskeletal effects, one of which is related to glucose homeostasis. It has been found that vitamin D deficiency is associated with higher HbA1c levels, increased incidence of DM and decreased glycemic control in DM sufferers. The aim of the current systematic review was to evaluate the effect of vitamin D supplementation on HbA1c. This research is a literature review. A study search was carried out on databases such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar, and ResearchGate. The included studies were those published within the last 5 years. In a number of studies, it has been observed that serum 25-OH D levels are significantly lower in diabetic patients than in healthy people. It was found that there was an inverse relationship between blood vitamin D levels and HbA1c levels, with low serum vitamin D resulting in greater HbA1c and worse glycemic control. It has also been discovered that low serum vitamin D levels are linked to the development of diabetes complications such DKD and CVD. High-dose, short-term vitamin D treatment was found to be the most effective for glycemic control. The effectiveness of vitamin D supplementation in glycemic management, however, cannot be established due to inconsistent research findings.
Keywords: Vitamin D, Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Hba1c
ABSTRAK
Vitamin D adalah hormon secosteroid larut kemak yang saat ini diyakini bahwa vitamin D memiliki banyak efek ekstraskeletal, salah satunya adalah terkait homeostasis glukosa. Telah ditemukan bahwa defisiensi vitamin D dikaitkan dengan kadar HbA1c yang lebih tinggi, peningkatan kejadian DM dan penurunan kontrol glikemik pada penderita DM. Tujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh suplementasi vitamin D terhadap HbA1c. Penelitian ini adalah literature review. Pencarian studi dilakukan pada database berupa PubMed, ScienceDirect, dan Google Scholar, dan ResearchGate dengan kata kunci diabetes mellitus, vitamin D, HbA1c, dan glycemic control. Studi-studi yang diinklusikan adalah yang diterbitkan dalam 5 tahun terakhir. Dalam sejumlah penelitian, telah diamati bahwa kadar serum 25-OH D secara signifikan lebih rendah pada pasien diabetes dibandingkan pada orang sehat. Kadar HbA1c ditemukan berbanding terbalik dengan kadar vitamin D serum, dimana vitamin D serum yang rendah akan menghasilkan HbA1c yang lebih tinggi, mengartikan bahwa kontrol glikemik lebih buruk. Vitamin D serum rendah juga telah ditemukan berhubungan dengan munculnya komplikasi DM seperti DKD dan PJK. Suplementasi vitamin D ditemukan paling baik untuk kontrol glikemik bila diberikan diberikan dalam dosis tinggi dan jangka pendek. Namun, belum dapat dipastikan bahwa suplementasi vitamin D efektif dalam kontrol glikemik karena hasil penelitian yang masih bertentangan.
Kata Kunci: Vitamin D, Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 1, Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2, Hba1c
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/mnj.v6i2.13219
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