ABSTRACT

Coffee is one of the most widely consumed beverages in the world. According to data from the International Coffee Organization (ICO), global coffee consumption reached 166.35 million bags/60 kg in the 2020/2021 period. Indonesia is in fifth place with coffee consumption of 5 million bags/60 kg. Medical and health science students have a higher study load, so they consume coffee for study purposes. Caffeine, the active ingredient in coffee, has been shown to have pharmacological effects on the cardiovascular system and stimulates the central nervous system, thereby increasing heart rate and blood pressure. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of caffeinated beverages, especially coffee, on blood vessels and heart rate of young adults, with a focus on medical students of Tarumanagara University, class of 2021. This study used an experimental-based research design with a pre-test/post-test comparison technique. The total number of participants was 56 respondents with an age range between 19 and 22 years. In this study, the data analysis method used a paired sample t-test. After drinking coffee for 5, 10, or 1 minutes, the results showed an increase in blood pressure and heart rate (p < 0.05). Caffeinated beverages, especially coffee, can increase blood pressure and heart rate.

Keywords: Coffee Consumption, Blood Pressure, and Heart Rate

ABSTRAK

Kopi merupakan salah satu minuman yang paling banyak dikonsumsi di dunia. Menurut data International Coffee Organization (ICO), konsumsi kopi secara global mencapai 166,35 juta karung/60 kg pada periode 2020/2021. Indonesia berada di posisi kelima dengan konsumsi kopi sebanyak 5 juta karung/60 kg. Mahasiswa kedokteran dan ilmu kesehatan memiliki beban kuliah yang lebih tinggi, sehingga mereka mengonsumsi kopi dengan tujuan belajar. Kafein, bahan aktif dalam kopi, terbukti memiliki efek farmakologis pada sistem kardiovaskular dan menstimulasi sistem saraf pusat, sehingga dapat meningkatkan frekuensi nadi dan tekanan darah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh minuman berkafein khususnya kopi terhadap pembuluh darah dan frekuensi denyut nadi dewasa muda, dengan fokus pada mahasiswa kedokteran Universitas Tarumanagara angkatan 2021. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian berbasis eksperimental dengan teknik membandingkan pre-test/post-test. Jumlah partisipan seluruhnya adalah 56 responden dengan rentang usia antara 19 hingga 22 tahun. Dalam penelitian ini metode analisis data menggunakan uji beda berpasangan (paired sample t-test). Setelah minum kopi selama lima, sepuluh, atau lima belas menit, hasilnya menunjukkan peningkatan tekanan darah dan frekuensi nadi (p < 0,05). Minuman yang mengandung kafein, khususnya kopi, dapat meningkatkan tekanan darah dan denyut nadi.

Kata Kunci: Konsumsi Kopi, Tekanan Darah, dan Frekuensi Nadi

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