Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Stunting pada Balita Usia 24–59 Bulan di Kelurahan Saragi Kabupaten Buton
Sari
ABSTRACT
Stunting remains a chronic nutritional problem that has a major impact on children's quality of life, both in the short and long term. This condition describes linear growth disorders due to inadequate nutritional intake over a long period of time, repeated infections, an unsupportive environment, and suboptimal parenting. This study aims to assess the factors associated with the incidence of stunting in children under the age of 24-59 months who live in Saragi Village, Pasarwajo Health Centre working area, Buton Regency. The research design used a cross-sectional approach involving 45 purposively selected toddlers. Data were collected through interviews using a structured questionnaire and height measurements. Analyses were conducted univariately, bivariately (with chi-square test), and multivariately using logistic regression. Results showed that the prevalence of stunting was very high at 77.8%. Although no statistically significant association was found between stunting and factors such as immunisation status, history of infection, and exclusive breastfeeding, there was a trend that children who were not exclusively breastfed, had not been fully immunised, or had a history of infectious diseases were more prone to stunting. In addition, socioeconomic aspects such as maternal employment and family income also contribute to the incidence of stunting. These findings suggest that stunting is a complex problem that requires a cross-sectoral response, through a community approach that focuses on nutrition education, improving access to health services, economic support, and strengthening the role of the family.
Keywords: Stunting, Toddlers, Exclusive Breastfeeding, Immunization, Nutritional Status.
ABSTRAK
Stunting masih menjadi persoalan gizi kronis yang berdampak besar terhadap kualitas hidup anak, baik dalam jangka pendek maupun panjang. Kondisi ini menggambarkan gangguan pertumbuhan linear akibat asupan gizi yang tidak adekuat dalam jangka waktu lama, infeksi yang berulang, lingkungan yang tidak mendukung, serta kurang optimalnya pola asuh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji faktor-faktor yang memiliki keterkaitan dengan kejadian stuntingpada anak balita usia 24–59 bulan yang berdomisili di Kelurahan Saragi, wilayah kerja Puskesmas Pasarwajo, Kabupaten Buton. Desain penelitian menggunakan pendekatan cross-sectional dengan melibatkan 45 balita yang dipilih secara purposif. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara menggunakan kuesioner terstruktur dan pengukuran tinggi badan. Analisis dilakukan secara univariat, bivariat (dengan uji chi-square), dan multivariat menggunakan regresi logistik. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi stunting sangat tinggi, yaitu 77,8%. Meskipun tidak ditemukan hubungan statistik yang signifikan antara stunting dan faktor seperti status imunisasi, riwayat infeksi, serta pemberian ASI eksklusif, ditemukan kecenderungan bahwa anak-anak yang tidak menerima ASI eksklusif, belum diimunisasi lengkap, atau memiliki riwayat penyakit infeksi lebih rentan mengalami stunting. Selain itu, aspek sosial ekonomi seperti pekerjaan ibu dan pendapatan keluarga juga berkontribusi terhadap kejadian stunting. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa stunting merupakan masalah kompleks yang membutuhkan penanganan lintas sektor, melalui pendekatan komunitas yang terfokus pada edukasi gizi, peningkatan akses layanan kesehatan, dukungan ekonomi, dan penguatan peran keluarga.
Kata Kunci: Stunting, Balita, ASI Eksklusif, Imunisasi, Status Gizi
Kata Kunci
Teks Lengkap:
Download ArtikelReferensi
Ahmed, M., Zepre, K., Lentero, K., Gebremariam, T., Jemal, Z., Wondimu, A., Bedewi, J., Melis, T., & Gebremeskel, A. (2022). The relationship between maternal employment and stunting among 6–59 months old children in Gurage Zone Southern Nation Nationality People’s region, Ethiopia: A comparative cross-sectional study. Frontiers in Nutrition, 9(October), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.964124
Chowdhury, T. R., Chakrabarty, S., Rakib, M., Winn, S., & Bennie, J. (2022). Risk factors for child stunting in Bangladesh: an analysis using MICS 2019 data. Archives of Public Health, 80(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13690-022-00870-x
Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Buton. (2021). Profil Kesehatan Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Buton Tahun 2020.
Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara. (2022). Profil Kesehatan Sulawesi Tenggara Tahun 2021.
Ekholuenetale, M., Barrow, A., Ekholuenetale, C. E., & Tudeme, G. (2020). Impact of stunting on early childhood cognitive development in Benin: evidence from Demographic and Health Survey. Egyptian Pediatric Association Gazette, 68(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s43054-020-00043-x
Fahmida, U., Pramesthi, I. L., Kusuma, S., Sudibya, A. R. P., Rahmawati, R., Suciyanti, D., Gusnedi, G., & Diana, A. (2024). Problem nutrients in diet of under-five children and district food security status: Linear programming analyses of 37 stunting priority districts in Indonesia. PLoS ONE, 19(12 December), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0314552
Gizaw, Z., Yalew, A. W., Bitew, B. D., Lee, J., & Bisesi, M. (2022). Stunting among children aged 24–59 months and associations with sanitation, enteric infections, and environmental enteric dysfunction in rural northwest Ethiopia. Scientific Reports, 12(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-23981-5
Hadi, H., Fatimatasari, F., Irwanti, W., Kusuma, C., Alfiana, R. D., Ischaq Nabil Asshiddiqi, M., Nugroho, S., Lewis, E. C., & Gittelsohn, J. (2021). Exclusive breastfeeding protects young children from stunting in a low‐income population: A study from eastern indonesia. Nutrients, 13(12), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13124264
Masuke, R., Msuya, S. E., Mahande, J. M., Diarz, E. J., Stray-Pedersen, B., Jahanpour, O., & Mgongo, M. (2021). Effect of inappropriate complementary feeding practices on the nutritional status of children aged 6-24 months in urban Moshi, Northern Tanzania: Cohort study. PLoS ONE, 16(5 May), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250562
Rafika, M. (2019). Dampak Stunting Pada Kondisi Psikologis Anak. Buletin Jagaddhita, 1(1), 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojmp.2016.54007
Rahayuwati, L., Komariah, M., Sari, C. W. M., Yani, D. I., Hermayanti, Y., Setiawan, A., Hastuti, H., Maulana, S., & Kohar, K. (2023). The Influence of Mother’s Employment, Family Income, and Expenditure on Stunting Among Children Under Five: A Cross-Sectional Study in Indonesia. Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare, 16, 2271–2278. https://doi.org/10.2147/JMDH.S417749
Rosdiana, Marthyni, & Etnis, B. R. (2024). Analysis of Factors Affecting the Incidence of Stunting in Children 24-59 Months in 2023. Media Publikasi Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia The Indonesian Journal of Health Promotion, 7(8), 2222–2227. https://www.jurnal.unismuhpalu.ac.id/index.php/MPPKI/article/view/5925/4328
Rukmawati, S., Astutik, P., & Slamet, P. R. (2020). The Relationship Between Complementary Feeding and Stunting Eventsin 2 to 5 Years of Age. Journal for Quality in Public Health, 4(1), 27–32. https://doi.org/10.30994/jqph.v4i1.146
Salamah, M., & Noflidaputri, R. (2021). Faktor – Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Kejadian Stunting Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Surian. Journal of Health Educational Science And Technology, 4(1), 43–56. https://doi.org/10.25139/htc.v4i1.3777
SSGI. (2022). Survei Status Gizi Indonesia 2022.
Sutarto, Sri Agustina, Kinanti Rahmadhita, Susianti, & Roro Rukmi Windi Perdani. (2021). Relationship Between Low Born Weight (Lbw) And Stunting Events In Children (Age 24-59 Months). Indonesian Journal of Medical Anthropology, 2(1), 31–35. https://doi.org/10.32734/ijma.v2i1.4696
Victora, C. G., Christian, P., Vidaletti, L. P., Gatica-Domínguez, G., Menon, P., & Black, R. E. (2021). Revisiting maternal and child undernutrition in low-income and middle-income countries: variable progress towards an unfinished agenda. The Lancet, 397(10282), 1388–1399. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00394-9
Villar, J., Ismail, L. C., Victora, C. G., Ohuma, E. O., Bertino, E., Altman, D. G., Lambert, A., Papageorghiou, A. T., Carvalho, M., Jaffer, Y. A., Gravett, M. G., Purwar, M., Frederick, I. O., Noble, A. J., Pang, R., Barros, F. C., Chumle, C., Bhutta, Z. A., & Kennedy, S. H. (2014). International standards for newborn weight, length, and head circumference by gestational age and sex: the Newborn Cross-Sectional Study of the INTERGROWTH-21st Project. The Lancet, 384(9946), 857–868. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60932-6
Wanda, Y. D., Elba, F., Didah, D., Susanti, A. I., & Rinawan, F. R. (2021). Riwayat Status Imunisasi Dasar Berhubungan Dengan Kejadian Balita Stunting. Jurnal Kebidanan Malahayati, 7(4), 851–856. https://doi.org/10.33024/jkm.v7i4.4727
WHO. (2019). Child malnutrition: Wasting among children under 5 years of age. In WHO (pp. 1–5). https://www.who.int/data/gho/indicator-metadata-registry/imr-details/302
WHO. (2021). Infant and Young Child Feeding. In World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241597494
WHO. (2022). Immunization Agenda 2030. In WHO. https://www.who.int/immunization/ia2030_Draft_One_English.pdf?ua=1
WHO. (2023). Level and trend in child malnutrition. In World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240073791
WHO. (2025). Joint child malnutrition estimates. In WHO (pp. 7–8). https://data.unicef.org/resources/levels-and-trends-in-child-malnutrition-2018/%0Awww.who.int/nutgrowthdb/estimates%0Ahttps://www.who.int/data/gho/data/themes/topics/joint-child-malnutrition-estimates-unicef-who-wb
Zogara, A. U., & Pantaleon, M. G. (2020). Faktor-faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Stunting pada Balita. Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat, 9(02), 85–92. https://doi.org/10.33221/jikm.v9i02.505
DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/mnj.v7i11.21111
Refbacks
- Saat ini tidak ada refbacks.
Penerbit: Universitas Malahayati
Semua artikel dapat digunakan dibawah lisensi Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License


Panduan Penulisan






