ABSTRACT

Hypertension is a significant cardiovascular disease in Indonesia, with a steadily increasing prevalence. Exposure to PM2.5 has been identified as a risk factor for hypertension, particularly in areas with high air pollution, such as ports. This study aims to analyze the effect of PM2.5 on the incidence of hypertension among stevedoring workers at Tanjung Priok Port, Jakarta. The study design used ecological time series with monthly data from 2023. A Generalized Linear Model (GLM) with a Poisson link and log(population) offset was used to analyze the relationship between PM2.5 and hypertension, with controls for temperature, humidity, and wind speed. PM2.5 exposure significantly increased the risk of hypertension among stevedoring workers at Tanjung Priok Port. The results showed a significant association in each PM2.5 category tested (p < 0.001), with a very high B coefficient indicating that PM2.5 exposure had a significant effect on the risk of hypertension. These findings emphasize the importance of air pollution control policies to reduce health risks among port workers.

Keywords: PM2.5, Hypertension, Stevedores, Ports, Worker Health, Air Pollution.

ABSTRAK

Hipertensi merupakan penyakit kardiovaskular yang signifikan di Indonesia, dengan prevalensi yang terus meningkat. Paparan PM2.5 telah diketahui sebagai faktor risiko untuk hipertensi, khususnya di daerah dengan polusi udara tinggi, seperti pelabuhan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh PM2.5 terhadap kejadian hipertensi pada pekerja bongkar muat di Pelabuhan Tanjung Priok, Jakarta. Desain penelitian menggunakan time series ekologidengan data bulanan tahun 2023. Generalized Linear Model (GLM) dengan Poisson link dan offset log(populasi)digunakan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara PM2.5 dan hipertensi, dengan kontrol untuk suhu, kelembaban, dan kecepatan angin. Paparan PM2.5 memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap peningkatan risiko hipertensi pada pekerja bongkar muat di Pelabuhan Tanjung Priok. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan di setiap kategori PM2.5 yang diuji (p < 0,001), dengan koefisien B yang sangat tinggi menunjukkan bahwa paparan PM2.5memiliki pengaruh yang besar terhadap risiko hipertensi.Temuan ini menekankan pentingnya kebijakan pengendalian polusi udara untuk mengurangi risiko kesehatan di kalangan pekerja pelabuhan.

Kata Kunci: PM2.5, Hipertensi, Pekerja Bongkar Muat, Pelabuhan, Kesehatan Pekerja, Polusi Udara.

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