Hubungan Durasi Screen Time dengan Perkembangan Motorik Kasar pada Anak 2-5 Tahun di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Sikumana dan Puskesmas Tarus

Sari

ABSTRACT

The utilization of digital devices by young children in Indonesia, including those in East Nusa Tenggara (NTT), has been steadily rising leading to higher screen time duration. Excessive screen exposure may interfere with gross motor development as children have reduced time for physical movement; therefore, it is necessary to assess the relationship the relationship between screen time exposure and physical skills growth in preschoolers from Sikumana and Tarus Primary Health Centers. To assess the impact of screen time length on gross motor abilities among children aged 2–5 years in the service areas of Sikumana and Tarus Primary Health Centers. The study utilized a quantitative analytic observational design employing a cross-sectional approach. A total of 60 participants were selected via consecutive sampling. Screen time exposure was evaluated with a revised SMALLQ questionnaire, and gross motor development was measured using the Developmental Pre-screening Questionnaire (KPSP). Statistical methods were applied for analysis the Lambda correlation test. There was a significant relationship among screen time duration and gross motor development, although the strength of the correlation was weak (p = 0.026; λ = 0.200). Most children had screen time within the normal category, while 43.3% had excessive duration. Gross motor assessment showed that 76.7% of children had age-appropriate development, while 23.3% did not meet developmental expectations. A significant yet weak correlation exists between device usage patterns and motor skills enhancement among preschoolers aged 2–5 years within the localities of Sikumana and Tarus Health Centers.

Keywords: Screen Time, Gross Motor Development, Children Aged 2–5 Years.

ABSTRAK

Penggunaan perangkat digital pada anak usia dini di Indonesia, termasuk di NTT, terus meningkat dan membuat durasi screen time anak semakin tinggi. Kondisi ini berpotensi mengganggu perkembangan motorik kasar karena anak memiliki waktu gerak yang semakin berkurang, sehingga perlu diteliti hubungan antara durasi screen time dengan perkembangan motorik kasar pada anak usia dini di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Sikumana dan Tarus. Mengetahui hubungan antara durasi screen time pada perkembangan motorik kasar anak 2-5 tahun di area kerja Puskesmas Sikumana dan Puskesmas Tarus. Penelitian  kuantitatif dengan desain analitik observasional pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel meliputi 60 responden dipilih melalui consecutive sampling. Instrumen pengukuran meliputi kuesioner modifikasi SMALLQ untuk mengukur durasi screen time dan Kuesioner Pra Skrining Perkembangan (KPSP) aspek motorik kasar. Analisis menggunakan uji korelasi lambda. Hasil penelitian melihatkan terdapat korelasi signifikan durasi screen time dan perkembangan motorik kasar anak, meskipun kekuatan hubungannya lemah (p=0,026; λ=0,200). Mayoritas anak mempunyai durasi screen time berada dikategori normal, namun masih terdapat 43,3% anak dengan screen time berlebih. Pengukuran KPSP juga menunjukkan mayoritas anak memiliki perkembangan motorik kasar sesuai usia, tetapi masih ada 23,3% anak dengan perkembangan yang belum sesuai. Terdapat hubungan signifikan durasi screen time dan perkembangan motorik kasar anak, meskipun kekuatan hubungannya lemah anak 2-5 tahun di area kerja Puskesmas Sikumana dan Puskesmas Tarus.

Kata Kunci: Screen Time, Perkembangan Motorik Kasar, Anak 2-5 Tahun.