Pengetahuan Hand Hygiene dan Faktor-Faktor yang Memengaruhinya pada Perawat di Rumah Sakit: A Scoping Review

Putri Utami, Hasniatisari Harun, Bambang Aditya Nugraha

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ABSTRACT

 

Hand hygiene is one of the measures proven to be effective in reducing HAIs. In this case, adequate knowledge among nurses is essential to enhance compliance. Previous studies have found variations in the level of hand hygiene knowledge among healthcare workers. However, there have not been many studies that specifically map the level and factors related to hand hygiene knowledge among nurses. This study aimed to map the level and factors related to hand hygiene knowledge among nurses. This study used a scoping review method based on the PRISMA flow diagram, utilizing secondary data from PubMed, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library. The inclusion criteria used were articles with a primary research design, using a sample of nurses in hospitals, discussing hand hygiene knowledge, published between 2020-2025 in reputable international journals, and written in English. A total of 17 articles were included, with the majority using a cross-sectional design. The review found varying levels of knowledge. The majority of articles showed a moderate level of knowledge (47.05%), followed by a high level of knowledge (41.17%), and a small proportion with a low level of knowledge (11.76%). Furthermore, these variations were influenced by gender, profession, age, work experience, education level, training experience, and work department. The study found that knowledge levels varied and were influenced by individual, service, and policy factors. These findings confirm that hospitals need to implement policies to improve hand hygiene knowledge through ongoing training programs to prevent HAIs and ensure patient safety.

                             

Keywords: HAIs, Hand hygiene, Knowledge, Nurse.

 

 

ABSTRAK

 

Hand hygiene merupakan salah satu upaya yang terbukti efektif untuk mengurangi HAIs. Dalam hal ini, perawat perlu memiliki pengetahuan yang baik agar dapat meningkatkan kepatuhan hand hygiene. Studi terdahulu mendapati adanya variasi tingkat pengetahuan hand hygiene pada tenaga kesehatan.  Namun, belum banyak studi yang secara spesifik memetakan tingkat dan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan pengetahuan hand hygiene pada perawat.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan tingkat dan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan pengetahuan hand hygiene pada perawat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode scoping review berdasarkan PRISMA flow diagram dengan memanfaatkan data sekunder dari PubMed, Scopus, dan Cochrane Library. Kriteria inklusi yang digunakan yaitu artikel dengan desain penelitian primer, menggunakan sampel perawat di rumah sakit, membahas mengenai pengetahuan hand hygiene pada perawat, terbit tahun 2020-2025 pada jurnal internasional bereputasi, dan menggunakan bahasa Inggris. Sebanyak 17 artikel terinklusi dengan mayoritas artikel menggunakan desain cross sectional. Hasil telaah mendapati tingkat pengetahuan yang beragam. Mayoritas artikel menunjukkan tingkat pengetahuan sedang (47,05%), diikuti tingkat pengetahuan tinggi (41,17%), dan sebagian kecil pada tingkat pengetahuan rendah (11,76%). Lebih lanjut, variasi tersebut dipengaruhi oleh jenis kelamin, profesi, usia, pengalaman kerja, tingkat pendidikan, pengalaman pelatihan, dan departemen kerja. Hasil penelitian mendapati tingkat pengetahuan bervariasi dan dipengaruhi oleh faktor individu, pelayanan, dan kebijakan. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa rumah sakit perlu menerapkan kebijakan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan hand hygiene melalui program pelatihan berkelanjutan guna mencegah HAIs dan memastikan patient safety.

 

Kata Kunci: HAIs, Hand Hygiene, Pengetahuan, Perawat.


Kata Kunci


HAIs, Hand hygiene, Pengetahuan, Perawat

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Referensi


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/mnj.v8i7.25357

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