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Pengaruh Aktivitas Fisik Terhadap Penurunan Berat Badan Usia Pertengahan yang Mengalami Obesitas di Tatanan Keluarga: Scoping Review
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ABSTRACT
Midlife obesity is a health issue that increases the risk of non-communicable diseases and reduces quality of life. Physical activity plays an important role in weight control, but its effectiveness is influenced by the immediate environment, particularly the family. Family structure contributes to shaping active living behaviors and the sustainability of lifestyle changes. This scoping review aims to map the scientific evidence regarding the influence of physical activity on weight loss in middle-aged individuals experiencing obesity within a family setting. A scoping review was conducted based on the Arksey and O'Malley framework. Literature search was conducted thru PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar for articles from the last ten years. Inclusion criteria include studies on middle-aged individuals with obesity, physical activity interventions, weight loss outcomes, and family involvement. Data were analyzed descriptively and narratively. The review findings indicate that regular physical activity with moderate intensity to a combination of aerobic and strength training is effective in reducing weight in middle-aged individuals. Family-based approaches have proven to be more effective than individual approaches. Physical activity has a positive impact on weight loss in middle-aged individuals with obesity, especially when supported by family structure. A family-based approach is recommended in efforts to prevent and manage obesity at the family and community levels.
Keywords: Physical Activity, Obesity, Middle Age, Weight Loss, Family Setting.
ABSTRAK
Obesitas pada usia pertengahan merupakan masalah kesehatan yang meningkatkan risiko penyakit tidak menular dan menurunkan kualitas hidup. Aktivitas fisik berperan penting dalam pengendalian berat badan, namun efektivitasnya dipengaruhi oleh lingkungan terdekat, khususnya keluarga.Tatanan keluarga berkontribusi dalam membentuk perilaku hidup aktif dan keberlanjutan perubahan gaya hidup. Scoping review ini bertujuan untuk memetakan bukti ilmiah mengenai pengaruh aktivitas fisik terhadap penurunan berat badan pada individu usia pertengahan yang mengalami obesitas dalam tatanan keluarga. Scoping review dilakukan berdasarkan kerangka Arksey dan O’Malley. Pencarian literatur dilakukan melalui PubMed, Scopus, dan Google Scholar terhadap artikel sepuluh tahun terakhir. Kriteria inklusi meliputi penelitian pada usia pertengahan dengan obesitas, intervensi aktivitas fisik, luaran penurunan berat badan, serta keterlibatan keluarga. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif dan naratif. Hasil telaah menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas fisik teratur dengan intensitas sedang hingga kombinasi latihan aerobik dan kekuatan efektif menurunkan berat badan pada usia pertengahan. Pendekatan berbasis keluarga terbukti lebih efektif dibandingkan pendekatan individual. Aktivitas fisik berpengaruh positif terhadap penurunan berat badan pada usia pertengahan dengan obesitas, terutama bila didukung oleh tatanan keluarga. Pendekatan berbasis keluarga direkomendasikan dalam upaya pencegahan dan pengelolaan obesitas di tingkat keluarga dan komunitas.
Kata Kunci: Aktivitas Fisik, Obesitas, Usia Pertengahan, Penurunan Berat Badan, Tatanan Keluarga.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/mnj.v8i7.25549
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