Hubungan Self Management dengan Tekanan Darah pada Lansia Hipertensi di Wilayah Puskesmas Kartasura

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ABSTRACT

The elderly is a group that is vulnerable to chronic diseases. One of the chronic diseases experienced by the elderly is hypertension. Hypertension can lead to various complications if not properly controlled. Self-management is self-care aimed at changing lifestyles such as monitoring blood pressure, eating healthy food and maintaining body weight, and taking regular medication can help control blood pressure. Low levels of self-management are often found in elderly people with hypertension. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between self-management and blood pressure in elderly hypertensives. The research method used is correlational descriptive quantitative research with a cross sectional approach. The respondents of this study were 94 elderlies from the elderly population with hypertension in the Kartasura Health Center area, with a total of 1340 elderly. The sampling technique used is proportional random sampling. The measuring instrument used in this study was the HSMBQ questionnaire or (Hypertension Self Management Behavior Questionnaire) as a measure of self management and a digital sphygmomanometer as a measure of blood pressure. Data analysis was used with univariate analysis and bivariate analysis with a correlation test of significance level α. = 0.05. The results of the study showed that most of the elderly had good self-management, namely 48 elderly (51.1%), 31 elderly (33%) with sufficient self-management and 15 elderly (16%) with poor self-management. And the elderly with controlled blood pressure were 48 people (51.1%) and blood pressure was not controlled as many as 46 people (48.9%). The results of the correlation test between self-management and hypertension elderly blood pressure obtained p value = 0.000 (< α = 0.05). The conclusion from this study is that there is a relationship between self-management and blood pressure in the elderly with hypertension in the Kartasura Health Center area.

Keywords: Hypertension, Self-Management, Elderly, and Blood Pressure.

ABSTRAK

Lansia merupakan kelompok yang rentan terhadap penyakit kronis. Salah satu dari penyakit kronis yang dialami oleh lansia adalah Hipertensi. Hipertensi dapat memicu terjadinya berbagai macam komplikasi jika tidak dikontrol dengan baik. Self management merupakan perawatan diri bertujuan mengubah gaya hidup seperti monitoring tekanan darah, makan makanan yang sehat dan jaga berat badan, serta rutin minum obat teratur dapat membantu terkendalinya tekanan darah. Rendahnya tingkat self management sering ditemukan pada lansia yang mengalami hipertensi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui adanya hubungan self management dengan tekanan darah pada lansia hipertensi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kuantitatif deskriptif korelasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Responden penelitian ini berjumlah 94 lansia dari populasi lansia penderita hipertensi di wilayah Puskesmas Kartasura sejumlah 1340 lansia. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah proportional random sampling. Alat ukur yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuisioner HSMBQ atau (Hypertension Self Management Behavior Quetionnaire) sebagai alat ukur self management dan sphygmomanometer digital sebagai alat ukur tekanan darah. Analisa data yang digunakan dengan analisis univariat dam analisis bivariat dengan uji korelasi tingkat singinfikansi α. = 0,05. Hasil penelitian sebagian besar lansia memiliki self management yang baik yaitu sebanyak 48 lansia (51,1%), lansia dengan self management cukup sebanyak 31 lansia (33%) dan self management buruk sebanyak 15 lansia (16%). Dan lansia dengan tekanan darah terkontrol sebanyak 48 orang (51,1%) dan tekanan darah tidak terkontrol sebanyak 46 orang (48,9%). Hasil uji korelasi antara self management dengan tekanan darah lansia hipertensi didapatkan p value = 0.000 (< α = 0,05). Kesimuplan dari penelitian ini yaitu ada hubungan antara self management dengan tekanan darah lansia hipertensi di wilayah Puskesmas Kartasura.

Kata Kunci: Hipertensi, Self-Management, Lansia, dan Tekanan Darah.