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Laporan Kasus : Perempuan 44 Tahun Dengan Perdarahan Uterus Abnormal Et Causa Polip Endometrium
Abstract
Perdarahan uterus abnormal (PUA) merupakan masalah ginekologi yang sering terjadi pada wanita usia reproduktif akhir hingga perimenopause. Salah satu penyebab struktural PUA adalah polip endometrium, yaitu pertumbuhan jinak pada lapisan endometrium yang dapat menimbulkan perdarahan berkepanjangan dan anemia. Dilaporkan kasus seorang perempuan usia 44 tahun (P3A0) yang datang dengan keluhan perdarahan menstruasi terus-menerus selama tiga bulan, disertai nyeri perut bawah dan gejala anemia. Diagnosis ditegakkan berdasarkan anamnesis, pemeriksaan fisik dan ginekologi, pemeriksaan laboratorium, ultrasonografi (USG), serta pemeriksaan histopatologi jaringan hasil kuretase. Pasien menunjukkan tanda anemia dengan kadar hemoglobin 8,6 g/dL dan ditemukan massa bertangkai di kavum uteri. Penatalaksanaan meliputi transfusi darah, dilatasi dan kuretase, serta ekstirpasi polip endometrium. Kondisi pasien pasca tindakan stabil, perdarahan berhenti, dan tidak ditemukan komplikasi. Hasil histopatologi menunjukkan polip endometrium dengan endometrium fase proliferatif. Polip endometrium perlu dipertimbangkan sebagai penyebab PUA pada wanita usia reproduktif akhir. Diagnosis yang tepat dan penatalaksanaan yang cepat dan adekuat dapat menurunkan morbiditas serta meningkatkan kualitas hidup pasien.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/jmm.v9i4.20601
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