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Dampak Lama Kerja Terhadap Fungsi Paru: Studi Rasio VEP1/KVP Pada Pekerja Perkebunan Di Provinsi Lampung
Abstract
Pekerja perkebunan berisiko tinggi mengalami gangguan respirasi akibat pajanan pestisida. Rasio VEP1/KVP merupakan indikator penting fungsi paru, namun bukti mengenai pengaruh lama kerja terhadap parameter ini masih bervariasi. Tujuan penelitian ini menganalisis hubungan lama kerja dengan nilai VEP1/KVP pada pekerja perkebunan di Provinsi Lampung. Penelitian cross-sectional dilakukan pada 103 pekerja perkebunan. Data demografi dan riwayat kerja dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner, sedangkan fungsi paru diukur menggunakan spirometri. Analisis Mann-Whitney digunakan untuk hubungan lama kerja dengan VEP1/KVP, sedangkan Chi-Square untuk hubungan jenis pajanan pestisida. Sebagian besar responden mengalami peningkatan nilai VEP1/KVP (88,3%), sementara 11,7% menurun. Rerata lama kerja kelompok dengan VEP1/KVP menurun adalah 3,50 ± 2,43 tahun, sedangkan kelompok meningkat 3,47 ± 2,03 tahun. Tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan antara lama kerja dengan perubahan VEP1/KVP (p=0,790). Namun, terdapat hubungan bermakna antara jenis pajanan pestisida dan perubahan VEP1/KVP (p=0,029). Lama kerja tidak berhubungan signifikan dengan perubahan fungsi paru, sementara jenis pajanan pestisida berhubungan lebih kuat. Monitoring fungsi paru rutin dan pengendalian pajanan perlu diperkuat sebagai upaya pencegahan gangguan respirasi pada pekerja perkebunan.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/jmm.v10i2.22998
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