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Formulasi Dan Uji Stabilitas Emulgel Herbal Kombinasi Minyak Cengkeh Dan Ekstrak Kulit Manggis Sebagai Kandidat Analgetik Topikal
Abstract
Minyak cengkeh (Syzygium aromaticum) dan ekstrak kulit manggis (Garcinia mangostana Linn.) memiliki potensi anti-inflamasi dan analgetik yang menjanjikan untuk sediaan topikal. Namun, studi yang mengevaluasi stabilitas fisik kombinasi minyak atsiri dan ekstrak kaya polifenol dalam satu sistem emulgel berbasis bahan alam masih sangat terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memformulasikan emulgel herbal, mengevaluasi stabilitas fisiknya melalui uji stabilitas dipercepat (cycling test), serta menguji keamanannya. Emulgel Formula B, yang mengandung Minyak Cengkeh 0,5% dan Ekstrak Kulit Manggis 1%, diformulasi menggunakan basis lidah buaya, gelatin, dan Tween 80. Sediaan dievaluasi melalui uji organoleptik, homogenitas, pH, viskositas, dan iritasi. Uji stabilitas dipercepat dilakukan melalui metode cycling test pada suhu 4°C dan 40°C selama 3 siklus (Siklus 0 hingga Siklus 3). Hasil menunjukkan sediaan berwarna coklat kemerahan, berbau khas cengkeh, homogenitas tetap stabil, dan memiliki nilai pH stabil pada 5,0 tanpa menimbulkan reaksi iritasi. Namun, stabilitas fisik sediaan terganggu secara signifikan, ditandai dengan perubahan tekstur dari kental menjadi cair setelah Siklus 2. Viskositas turun drastis secara statistik dari 1854,15 cP pada Siklus 0 menjadi 416,07 cP pada Siklus 3. Implikasi dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa meskipun kombinasi bahan aktif tersebut aman dan biokompatibel dengan pH kulit, sistem basis gelatin-lidah buaya yang bersifat termolabil belum mampu mempertahankan integritas struktural terhadap fluktuasi suhu. Hal ini memberikan dasar penting bagi penelitian selanjutnya untuk mengoptimasi jenis dan konsentrasi gelling agent guna meningkatkan stabilitas termal sediaan analgetik herbal.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/jmm.v10i1.23674
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