(1).jpg)
1.png){kind=logo}
Efektivitas Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT) Dalam Deteksi Cryptosporidium Pada Sampel Klinis: Sebuah Kajian Literatur
Abstract
Cryptosporidiosis adalah infeksi protozoa oportunistik yang dapat menyebabkan diare berat, terutama pada anak-anak dan individu dengan sistem imun lemah. Diagnosis cepat sangat penting untuk pengendalian penyakit ini, terutama di daerah dengan keterbatasan fasilitas laboratorium. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT) dalam mendeteksi Cryptosporidium pada sampel klinis melalui kajian literatur. Sebanyak 18 artikel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dianalisis dari database PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, ASM Journals, dan Elsevier. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa RDT memiliki spesifisitas tinggi (88,4%–100%), namun sensitivitasnya sangat bervariasi (35%–100%) tergantung pada jenis kit, lokasi geografis, dan beban parasit. RDT dinilai praktis, cepat, dan tidak memerlukan peralatan laboratorium kompleks, namun terbatas dalam mengidentifikasi spesies Cryptosporidium secara spesifik. RDT berpotensi digunakan sebagai metode skrining awal dengan tetap memerlukan konfirmasi menggunakan PCR atau mikroskopi.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Bouzid, M., Hunter, P. R., Chalmers, R. M., & Tyler, K. M. (2013). Cryptosporidium pathogenicity and virulence. Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 26(1), 115–134. https://doi.org/10.1128/cmr.00076-12
Bitilinyu-Bangoh, J., Voskuijl, W., Thitiri, J., Menting, S., Verhaar, N., Mwalekwa, L., et al. (2019). Performance of three rapid diagnostic tests for the detection of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis in children with severe acute malnutrition and diarrhoea. Infectious Diseases of Poverty, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-019-0609-6
Campos-Ruiz, M., Flamarich, C., Fernández-Navarro, A., Roure, S., Martin, L., Pillado, P., Cardona, P.-J., & Fernández-Rivas, G. (2023). Clinical performance of lateral flow assay for Cryptosporidium spp. diagnosis. Biomedicines, 11(8), 2140. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11082140
Current, W. L., & Garcia, L. S. (1991). Cryptosporidiosis. Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 4(3), 325–358. https://doi.org/10.1128/cmr.4.3.325
Dragomirova, P. V. (2022). Cryptosporidiosis: History, Etiology, Biology, Pathogenesis and Pathoanatomy - A Review. Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Research, 15(1), 22–29. https://doi.org/10.2478/jbcr-2022-0003
Formenti, F., Perandin, F., Bonafini, S., Degani, M., & Bisoffi, Z. (2015). Evaluation of the new ImmunoCard STAT!® CGE test for the diagnosis of amebiasis. Bulletin de la Société de Pathologie Exotique, 108, 171–174. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13149-015-0434-5
Hatimi, F. I., Mutiara, H., Islami, S., & Sukohar, A. (2025). Cryptosporidium Infection in Human: Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Therapy. Medical Profession Journal of Lampung, 15(1), 57–62. https://doi.org/10.53089/MEDULA.V15I1.1261
Hendawy, M. A., Aly, I. R., Zalat, R. S., & Mohamed, S. S. (2025). Development of rapid home-made immunochromatographic test for diagnosis of Cryptosporidium parvum. Egyptian Journal of Medical Microbiology, 34(1), 195–203.
https://doi.org/10.21608/ejmm.2024.332062.1365
Immanuela Toemon, A. (2022). Perbandingan Metode Pemeriksaan Diagnosis Laboratorium Protozoa Usus. Jurnal Kedokteran Universitas Palangka Raya, 7(2), 840–847.
https://doi.org/10.37304/JKUPR.V7I2.587
Jabal, A. R., Ratnasari, A., Rusli, N. M., Djazarie, N. M. Z., & Bara, M. P. (2020). Prevalensi protozoa penyebab diare di Kelurahan Antang, Kota Makassar. Jurnal Medika: Karya Ilmiah Kesehatan, 5(2) https://doi.org/10.35728/jmkik.v5i2.641
Johansen, Ø. H., Abdissa, A., Zangenberg, M., Mekonnen, Z., Eshetu, B., Bjørang, O., Alemu, Y., Sharew, B., Langeland, N., Robertson, L. J., & Hanevik, K. (2021). Performance and operational feasibility of two diagnostic tests for cryptosporidiosis in children (CRYPTO-POC): A clinical, prospective, diagnostic accuracy study. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 21(5), 722–730. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30556-9
Kotloff, K. L., Nataro, J. P., Blackwelder, W. C., Nasrin, D., Farag, T. H.,Panchalingam, S., et al. (2013). Burden and aetiology of diarrhoeal disease in infants and young children in developing countries (the Global Enteric Multicenter Study, GEMS): A prospective, case-control study. The Lancet, 382(9888), 209–222. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(13)60844-2
Manouana, G. P., Lorenz, E., Ngwese, M. M., Moure, P. A. N., Ascofaré, O. M., Akenten, C. W., et al. (2020). Performance of a rapid diagnostic test for the detection of Cryptosporidium spp. in African children admitted to hospital with diarrhea. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 14(7), https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008448
Otero-Rodriguez, S., Pinedo-Cancino, V., Casapia-Morales, M., Villacorta-Pezo, V.-Y., Mego-Campos, S., Parráguez-de-la-Cruz, J., Merino, E., Clark, E. H., & Ramos-Rincón, J.-M. (2025). Prevalence of intestinal protozoa among patients living with HIV in the Peruvian Amazon. Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, 10, 324. https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed10110324
Ryan, U., & Hijjawi, N. (2015). New developments in Cryptosporidium research. International Journal of Parasitology, 45(6), 367–373. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpara.2015.01.009
Sabooni, S., Salah, H., Singh, R., Al-Qadi, K., Taj-Aldeen, S. J., & Ibrahim, E. (2025). Comparison of four diagnostic techniques for Cryptosporidium detection in Qatar. Qatar Medical Journal, 2025(3), 78. https://doi.org/10.5339/qmj.2025.78
Van den Bossche, D., Cnops, L., Verschueren, J., & Van Esbroeck, M. (2015). Comparison of four rapid diagnostic tests, ELISA, microscopy and PCR for the detection of Giardia lamblia, Cryptosporidium spp. and Entamoeba histolytica in feces. Journal of Microbiological Methods, 110, 78–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mimet.2015.01.016
Wijayanti, T. (2018). Kriptosporidiosis di Indonesia. BALABA: Jurnal Litbang Pengendalian Penyakit Bersumber Binatang Banjarnegara, 73–82. http://doi.org/10.22435/blb.V13i1. 4540. 73-82
Package Insert
CerTest Biotec, S.L. (n.d.). Crypto + Giardia + Entamoeba Rapid Test: One-Step Combo Card Test–Specifications. CerTest Biotec.
R-Biopharm AG. (2010). RIDA®QUICK Cryptosporidium/Giardia
Combi (Package insert). R-Biopharm AG.
Techlab, Inc. (2023). Giardia/Cryptosporidium Quik Chek™ (Package insert). Techlab, Inc.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/jmm.v10i2.24100
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2026 Jurnal Medika Malahayati
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
