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Efektivitas Mindfulness-Based Intervention (MBI) terhadap Kesehatan Mental pada Lansia: Tinjauan Literatur Sistematis Studi Eksperimental 2022–2026
Abstract
Lansia merupakan kelompok yang rentan mengalami masalah kesehatan mental seiring proses penuaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi dan mensintesis bukti mengenai efektivitas Mindfulness-Based Intervention (MBI) terhadap kesehatan mental lansia. Tinjauan literatur sistematis ini dilakukan berdasarkan pedoman PRISMA dengan pencarian pada Google Scholar, PubMed Central, ScienceDirect, dan SpringerLink terhadap penelitian yang diterbitkan tahun 2022–2026. Kriteria inklusi meliputi penelitian kuantitatif eksperimental atau kuasi-eksperimental pada lansia berusia ≥60 tahun yang mengevaluasi intervensi MBI dan melaporkan luaran kesehatan mental. Sebanyak 13 artikel dengan total 1.183 responden memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Intervensi yang ditemukan meliputi Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR), Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT), Mindfulness-Based Elder Care (MBEC), mindfulness counseling, dan mindfulness-based mental health training. Secara umum, MBI menunjukkan potensi dalam menurunkan stres, depresi, kecemasan, dan kesepian serta mendukung perbaikan kualitas tidur dan regulasi emosi pada lansia. Penilaian kualitas metodologis dan risiko bias perlu dipertimbangkan dalam menginterpretasikan kekuatan bukti. MBI berpotensi menjadi pendekatan nonfarmakologis dalam mendukung kesehatan mental lansia dan dapat dipertimbangkan dalam praktik keperawatan gerontik. Penelitian selanjutnya diperlukan dengan desain yang lebih kuat, adaptasi budaya, dan pengukuran luaran jangka panjang.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/jmm.v10i3.25525
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