TINJAUAN POTENSI PENGENDALIAN KONSENTRASI PARTIKULAT DENGAN PROGRAM EMISSION OFFSET DI INDONESIA
Abstract
ABSTRAK
Partikulat merupakan salah satu polutan utama yang dihasilkan baik dari industri ataupun transportasi. Partikulat merupakan salah satu polutan kualitas udara yang paling merusak kesehatan dan juga diketahui sebagai karsinogenik. Emission trading ataupun emission offset merupakan salah satu tools yang efektif untuk menurunkan emisi. Konsepnya berlawanan dengan pendekatan tradisional yaitu dengan ’command and control’ namun menggantungkan usaha reduksi emisi kepada mekanisme pasar untuk mendapatkan cara yang paling murah dan efektif. Program atau inisiatif Emission Offset akan lebih tepat manfaatnya jika dilakukan pada lokasi yang spesisifik. penurunan emisi. Dalam trade hal yang diperhitungkan adalah supply (ketersediaan), demand (kebutuhan), sehingga dapat memperkirakan market clearing prices atau harga (emission reduction credit) ERC yang tepat. Institusi kelembagaan di Indonesia yang dapat memiliki kewenangan untuk berkoordinasi melakukan emission offset sudah tersedia. beberapa regulasi yang perlu ada antara lain terkait wilayah pengelolaan kualitas udara (WPKU) dan kebijakan pendukung lain. Secara teknis kebutuhan data terkait pengukuran emisi sangat diperlukan, data wajib transparan dan dapat dipertanggung jawabkan. Selain itu, diperlukan juga validasi dari laboratorium yang telah ditunjuk. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk dapat mengidentifikasi konsentrasi partikulat, menentukan skala sistem emission offset baik itu luas kawasan, sumber pencemar yang dituju, ataupun parameter kritis yang akan dikendalikan. Maka metode penelitian yang digunakan antara lain pemantauan kualitas udara yang tersebar di seluruh wilayah Indonesia pada lokasi yang spesisifik., dan juga inventarisasi emisi dimana penentuan emission cap polutan partikulat (PM2.5 dan PM10) berbagai system offset emission caps ditentukan melalui proses politik yang menyeimbangkan antara cost and benefits dari penurunan emisi.
Kata Kunci : Emission Offset, Emmision Trading, ERC, Indonesia, Partikulat
ABSTRACT
Potential Overview Of Particulate Concentration Control With Offset Emission Program In Indonesia. Particulate is one of the main pollutants produced either from industry or transportation. Particulates are one of the most damaging air quality pollutants to health and are also known to be carcinogenic. emission trading or emission offset is one of the effective tools to reduce emissions. The concept is contrary to the traditional approach of 'command and control' but relies on emission reduction efforts to market mechanisms to find the cheapest and most effective way . Emission offset programs or initiatives will be more appropriate if they are carried out in specific locations. emission reduction. In trade, the things that are taken into account are supply (availability), demand (need), so that they can estimate the right market clearing prices or (Emission Reduction Credit) ERC prices. Institutional institutions in Indonesia that can have the authority to coordinate Emission Offset are already available. Several regulations that need to exist include those related to the air quality management area (WPKU) and other supporting policies. Technically, the need for data related to emission measurement is very necessary, the data must be transparent and can be accounted for. In addition, validation from a designated laboratory is also required. The purpose of this study is to identify particulate concentrations, determine the scale of the emission offset system, whether it is the area, the source of the pollutant being targeted, or the critical parameters to be controlled. So the research methods used include monitoring air quality spread throughout Indonesia in specific locations, and also an emission inventory where the determination of the emission cap of particulate pollutants (PM2.5 and PM10) of various offset emission caps systems is determined through a balanced political process. between the costs and benefits of reducing emissions.
Keywords : emission offset, emmision trading, ERC, Indonesia, particulate
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/jrets.v6i2.6488
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