Optimalisasi Pemberdayaan Kader dalam Implementasi Pola Asuh Ibu yang Mempunyai Baduta dalam Penurunan Stunting

Daniah Daniah, Erny Elviany Sabaruddin, Nur Aini, Yulia Herawati

Sari


ABSTRAK

 

Saat ini Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia (WHO) mengestimasikan prevalensi balita kerdil (stunting) di seluruh dunia sebesar 22 % persen atau sebanyak 149,2 juta pada 2020. Kejadian balita pendek atau biasa disebut dengan stunting merupakan salah satu masalah gizi yang dialami oleh balita di dunia saat ini. Salah satu masalah kesehatan terkait pertumbuhan dan perkembangan pada anak usia balita yang dapat menimbulkan dampak buruk dalam jangka pendek maupun jangka panjang adalah stunting. Adapun dampak jangka panjang yang kemungkinan dialami yaitu gangguan kongnitif, kesulitan belajar, rentan mengalami penyakit tidak menular, kekebalan tubuh lebih rendah, dan performan rendah. Proses seorang anak bertubuh pendek (kegagalan pertumbuhan) dapat dimulai sejak masa janin hingga usia 2 tahun. Ketika sudah lewat usia 2 tahun, akan lebih sulit untuk memperbaiki gangguan pertumbuhan. Tujuannya adalah mengoptimalkan kader dalam penanganan stunting pada ibu yang yang mempunyai baduta stunting. Metode Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini menggunakan metode pendekatan  kerjasama antara Kepala Desa dengan Puskesmas setempat, dengan memberikan edukasi dalam penanganan baduta stunting kepada kader dan ibu yang memiliki baduta , serta mengajarkan aplikasi untuk mengecek pertumbuhan baduta dengan pengukuran BB dan tinggi badan dalam penurunan stunting . Hasil Pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini berdasarkan tingkat pengetahuan kader tentang stunting rata-rata 71% dalam kategori sedang, tingkat pengetahuan tentang makanan pendamping ASI pada balita rata-rata dalam kategori cukup 75%. Sedangkan pengetahuan terhadap pola asuh ibu yang mempunyai baduta nilai rata-rata 65 termasuk dalam kategori kurang. Berdasarkan  distribusi stunting berdasarkan usia ibu adalah usia20 -35 sebesar 58,82% dan usia  35 sebesar  41, 18 %. Berdasarkan distibusi stunting berdasarkan usia baduta adalah usia 24 bulan sebesar  29,41 , usia 12 – 23 bulan sebesar 35,29%, usia 6- 11 bulan sebesar  35,29 %. Distribusi stunting berdasarkan jenis kelamin baduta adalah jenis kelamin laki-laki sebesar  41,18 % dan perempuan sebesar 58,82%. Kesimpulan dalam pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah masih kurang optimalnya kader dalam pendampingan ibu yang memiliki baduta stunting,  pengetahuan kader dalam penanganan stunting juga masih belum baik.

 

Kata Kunci: Stunting, Baduta, Kader

 

 

ABSTRACT

 

Currently, the World Health Organization (WHO) estimates the prevalence of stunting worldwide at 22% percent or 149.2 million by 2020. The incidence of short toddlers or commonly referred to as stunting is one of the nutritional problems experienced by toddlers in the world today. One of the health problems related to growth and development in children under five years of age that can have adverse effects in the short and long term is stunting. The long-term impacts that may be experienced are congnitive disorders, learning difficulties, susceptibility to non-communicable diseases, lower immunity, and low performance. The process of a child being stunted (growth failure) can start from the fetal period until the age of 2 years. Once past the age of 2 years, it is more difficult to correct growth disorders. The goal is to optimize cadres in handling stunting in mothers who have stunted children. Methods This community service activity uses a collaborative approach between the Village Head and the local Puskesmas, by providing education in handling stunting to cadres and mothers who have stunted children, and teaching applications to check the growth of children with weight and height measurements in reducing stunting. The results of this community service are based on the level of knowledge of cadres about stunting on average 71% in the moderate category, the level of knowledge about complementary foods for toddlers on average in the moderate category 75%. While knowledge of parenting patterns of mothers who have under-fives, the average value of 65 is included in the category of less. Based on the distribution of stunting based on the age of the mother is age 20-35 by 58.82% and age 35 by 41, 18%. Based on the distribution of stunting based on the age of the baby, the age of 24 months was 29.41%, the age of 12-23 months was 35.29%, the age of 6-11 months was 35.29%. The distribution of stunting based on the sex of the under-five children was male by 41.18% and female by 58.82%. The conclusion in this community service is that the cadres are still less than optimal in assisting mothers who have stunted infants, the knowledge of cadres in handling stunting is also still not good.

 

Keywords: Stunting, Baduta, Cadres


Kata Kunci


Kata Kunci: Stunting, Baduta, Kader

Teks Lengkap:

Download Artikel

Referensi


Achmad W. (2022). Social Reality Stunting Prevention in Cianjur District. J EduHealth[Internet].;13(02):46777.Availablefrom:http://ejournal.seaninstitute.or.id/index.php/healt/article/view/575%0Ahttp://ejournal.seaninstitute.or.id/index.php/healt/article/download/575/463

Adistie F, Lumbantobing VBM, Maryam NNA. (2018).Pemberdayaan Kader Kesehatan Dalam Deteksi Dini Stunting dan Stimulasi Tumbuh Kembang pada Balita. Media Karya Kesehat.;1(2):173–84.

Astuti FD, Azka A, Rokhmayanti R.(2022) Maternal age correlation of stunting in children: Systematics review. J Matern Child Heal.;7(4):479–448.

Fitroh SF, Oktavianingsih E. (2020). Peran Parenting dalam Meningkatkan Literasi Kesehatan Ibu terhadap Stunting di Bangkalan Madura. J Obs J Pendidik Anak Usia Dini.;4(2):610.

Hall C, Bennett C, Crookston B, Dearden K, Hasan M, Linehan M, et al. (2018)Maternal Knowledge of Stunting in Rural Indonesia. Int J Child Heal Nutr.;7:139–45.

Hidayat T, Febriana A, Widniah AZ. (2023)Pencegahan Terjadinya Masalah Stunting di Keluarga Melalui Pendekatan Komunikasi Antar Personal. GorontaloJpurnalHealSciCommunity[Internet].;7(1):1926.Availablefrom:https://ejurnal.ung.ac.id/index.php/gojhes/index%0apencegahan

Hati FS, Pratiwi AM. (2019).The Effect of Education Giving on The Parent’s Behavior About Growth Stimulation in Children with Stunting. NurseLine J.;4(1):12.

Islam MM, Sanin KI, Mahfuz M, Ahmed AMS, Mondal D, Haque R, et al. (2018). Risk factors of stunting among children living in an urban slum of Bangladesh: Findings of a prospective cohort study. BMC Public Health.;18(1):1–13.

Kasjono HS, Suryani E. (2020). Pengaruh Aplikasi Pencegahan Stunting “Gasing” Terhadap Perilaku Pencegahan Stunting Pada Siswi SMA Di Wilayah Kecamatan Kalibawang Kulon Progo. J Nutr.;22(1):16–22.

Kementerian Kesehatan RI.( 2021). Buku Saku Hasil SSGI Nasional, Provinsi, Kabupaten Tahun 2021. Vol. 1, Kemenkes. Kemenkes;. 168 p.

Lya Krisnana, Ika Nur Pratiwi AC. (2020). The relationship between socio-economic factors and parenting styles with the incidence of stunting in children. Syst Rev Pharm.;11(5):738–43.

Maulida M, Suriani S. (2021) Pengaruh Komunikasi Dan Mobilisasi Kader Posyandu Terhadap Upaya Pencegahan Stunting. J Keperawatan Sriwij.;8(1):1–10.

Prof Richard D Semba M, Saskia de Pee P, Kai Sun M, Mayang Sari Ms, Nasima Akhter Ms, Martin W Bloem M .(2008). Lancet_20231221.

Punjastuti B, Yunitasari P, Maryati S.( 2021) Optimalisasi Peran Kader Dalam Mengatasi Stunting Di.;2(September 2022).

RI KK. (2023). Permasalahan Stunting di Indonesia dan Penyelesaiannya [Internet].RI,KementerianKeuangan..Availablefrom:https://www.djkn.kemenkeu.go.id/kpknlpontianak/bacaartikel/16261/PermasalahanStunting-di-Indonesia-dan-Penyelesaiannya.html

Ramli, Agho KE, Inder KJ, Bowe SJ, Jacobs J, Dibley MJ. (2009). Prevalence and risk factors for stunting and severe stunting among under-fives in North Maluku province of Indonesia. BMC Pediatr.;9:64.

RI KK.( 2018). Cegah Stunting dengan Perbaikan Pola Makan, Pola Asuh dan Sanitasi.;Availablefrom:https://sehatnegeriku.kemkes.go.id/baca/rilis-media/20180407/1825480/cegah-stunting-dengan-perbaikan-pola-makan-pola-asuh-dan-sanitasi-2/

Sari DWP, Wuriningsih AY, Khasanah NN, Najihah N. (2021).Peran kader peduli stunting meningkatkan optimalisasi penurunan risiko stunting. NURSCOPE J Penelit dan Pemikir Ilm Keperawatan.;7(1):45.

Siswati T, Iskandar S, Pramestuti N, Raharjo J, Rialihanto MP, Rubaya AK, et al. (2022).Effect of a Short Course on Improving the Cadres’ Knowledge in the Context of Reducing Stunting through Home Visits in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Int J Environ Res Public Health.;19(16):1–10.

Utami RA, Setiawan A, Fitriyani P. (2019). Identifying causal risk factors for stunting in children under five years of age in South Jakarta, Indonesia. EnfermClin[Internet].2019;29(xx):60611.Availablefrom:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enfcli..04.093

Worldwide C. (2023). Stunting: What it is and what it means. Articel : Story [Internet]. Concern Worldwide.. Available from: https://www.concern.net/news/what-is-stunting

Widianti D, Azizah AN. (2023)Hubungan Pola Asuh Orang Tua Dengan Kejadian Stunting Pada Balita Usia 24-59 Bulan Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Sumbang Ii. J Mutiara Kesehat Masy.;8(1):1–9.

Wicaksono RA, Arto KS, Mutiara E, Deliana M, Lubis M, Batubara JRL. (2021). Risk factors of stunting in indonesian children aged 1 to 60 months. Paediatr Indones Indones.;61(1):12–9.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/jkpm.v7i2.13185

Refbacks

  • Saat ini tidak ada refbacks.


Disponsori oleh : Universitas Malahayati Lampung dan DPW PPNI Lampung


Creative Commons License
Jurnal Kreativitas Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.