Pelatihan Responsive Feeding Berbasis Parent-Child Interaction Therapy untuk Kader Pendamping Keluarga Anak Stunting
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ABSTRAK
Stunting masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang memerlukan pendekatan multidimensi, tidak hanya melalui penyediaan makanan bergizi, tetapi juga melalui penguatan praktik pengasuhan dan interaksi makan anak. Data di Kelurahan Purwomartani terdapat 61 balita stunting, termasuk 23 kasus baru. Pengkajian lapangan menunjukkan bahwa sebagian anak stunting masih memiliki asupan yang tidak adekuat dan mengalami kesulitan makan, seperti memilih makanan tertentu, menolak protein hewani, serta memiliki variasi makanan yang terbatas.Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan kader kesehatan tentang responsive feeding berbasis prinsip Parent–Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) sebagai strategi pendampingan keluarga anak stunting dengan masalah makan. Kegiatan dilaksanakan di Kelurahan Purwomartani, Kalasan, Sleman, Yogyakarta pada Mei 2026 dengan melibatkan 47 kader kesehatan. Pelatihan dilakukan melalui koordinasi dengan mitra, penyampaian materi, diskusi, contoh kasus, serta evaluasi pretest dan posttest menggunakan instrumen pengetahuan sebanyak 10 butir. Analisis dilakukan secara deskriptif dengan membandingkan skor pengetahuan sebelum dan sesudah pelatihan. Skor rerata pengetahuan kader meningkat dari 7,72 menjadi 9,79 pada skala 0–10. Median meningkat dari 8,00 menjadi 10,00. Jawaban benar meningkat dari 363/470 respons atau 77,2% menjadi 460/470 respons atau 97,9%, dengan penurunan kesalahan agregat sebesar 90,7%. Seluruh domain pengetahuan meningkat, terutama domain menciptakan suasana makan yang menyenangkan, melibatkan anak saat makan, mengenali tanda lapar, dan merespons penolakan makan. Pelatihan responsive feeding berbasis prinsip PCIT layak digunakan sebagai strategi awal untuk memperkuat kapasitas kader dalam program stunting. Namun, evaluasi lanjutan tetap diperlukan untuk menilai keterampilan konseling kader, perubahan praktik pemberian makan pada ibu, penerimaan makanan anak, keberagaman diet, dan indikator pertumbuhan.
Kata Kunci: Responsive Feeding, Parent–Child Interaction Therapy, Stunting, Masalah Makan.
ABSTRACT
Stunting remains a public health problem that requires multidimensional intervention, not only through the provision of nutritious food but also through strengthened caregiving practices and feeding interaction. In the program data from Purwomartani Village, 61 children under five were recorded as stunted, including 23 new cases. Field assessment indicated that some children with stunting still had inadequate intake and feeding problems, including selective eating, limited acceptance of animal-source foods, and low dietary variety. This community service activity aimed to improve health cadres’ knowledge of responsive feeding based on Parent–Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) principles as a family support strategy for children with stunting and feeding difficulties. The activity was conducted in Purwomartani Village, Kalasan, Sleman, Yogyakarta, in May 2026 and involved 47 health cadres. The training consisted of partner coordination, material delivery, discussion, case-based learning, and pretest–posttest evaluation using a 10-item knowledge instrument. Data were analyzed descriptively by comparing knowledge scores before and after training. The mean knowledge score increased from 7.72 to 9.79 on a 0–10 scale. The median score increased from 8.00 to 10.00. Correct responses increased from 363/470 responses, or 77.2%, to 460/470 responses, or 97.9%, with a 90.7% reduction in aggregate errors. All knowledge domains improved, particularly creating a pleasant mealtime atmosphere, involving children during meals, recognizing hunger cues, and responding to food refusal. Responsive feeding training based on PCIT principles is a feasible initial strategy to strengthen cadres’ capacity within stunting programs. Further evaluation is needed to assess cadres’ counseling skills, maternal feeding practices, child food acceptance, dietary diversity, and growth indicators.
Keywords: Responsive Feeding, Parent–Child Interaction Therapy, Stunting, Feeding Difficulties.
Kata Kunci
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/jkpm.v9i8.26836
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