Edukasi Kesehatan Penatalaksanaan Hipertensi dan Diabetes Melitus

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ABSTRAK

Perkembangan penyakit saat ini di dunia termasuk Indonesia telah beralih dari penyakit menular kepada penyakit tidak menular (PTM) seperti Hipertensi, Diabetes Melitus dan Stroke yang terus meningkat dari tahun ke tahun baik di kota maupun di desa. Pendidikan kesehatan kepada masyarakat tentang penatalaksanaan Hipertensi dan Diabetes Melitus perlu terus dilakukan. Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PkM) berupa webinar edukasi kesehatan, dengan tema ‘Mengenal Hipertensi dan Diabetes Melitus serta penatalaksanaannya, dilakukan pada 10 September 2020 menggunakan platform Zoom meeting dan Youtube chanel. Edukasi menggunakan metode ceramah, diskusi dan demonstrasi teknik relaksasi nafas dalam. Kegiatan ini merupakan bagian dari Webinar series dengan tema besar “Promosi Kesehatan Holistik”. Webinar bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat melalui upaya promotif, preventif dan kuratif terkait Hipertensi dan Diabetes Melitus. Kegiatan diikuti oleh 321 peserta, dengan mayoritas memiliki karakteristik; perempuan (75%), berdomisili di pulau Jawa (42%), berusia <25 tahun (63%), dan berpendidikan SMA (43%). Terkait status kesehatan diketahui sebanyak 33% peserta memiliki riwayat keluarga dengan hipertensi atau diabetes melitus, 7% peserta terdiagnosa hipertensi, 3% peserta terdiagnosa DM, 21 % peserta overweight dan obesitas, 26% peserta mengonsumsi gula dan garam harían berlebih dan 69% peserta tidak rutin memeriksakan tekanan darah dan gula darah. Hasil tes menunjukkan terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan sebesar 2,47point dari nilai Pre-test (mean = 10,46) terhadap nilai post-test (mean=12,93). Sikap mayoritas peserta yaitu sebanyak 303 (94%) peserta menyatakan bahwa pola hidup sehat penting sebagai pencegahan hipertensi dan diabetes melitus. Edukasi kesehatan terbukti dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan dan sikap peserta dalam penatalaksanaan Hipertensi Dan Diabetes Melitus.

Kata Kunci: Diabetes Melitus, Edukasi Kesehatan, Hipertensi, Penyakit Tidak Menular, Perilaku sehat

ABSTRACT

The current global disease trend, including in Indonesia, has shifted from infectious diseases to non-communicable diseases such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and stroke, which continue to rise year after year in both cities and villages. Health education to the public about the management of Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus needs to be continued. Community Service Activities (PkM) in the form of health education, with the theme of health education on Hypertension and Diabetes management, were held on September 10, 2020, using the Zoom meeting platform and Youtube channel. Education through lecture methods, discussions, and demonstrations of deep breathing relaxation techniques. This activity is part of a Webinar series with the big theme “Holistic Health Promotion”. The webinar aims to increase public awareness through promotive, preventive, and curative efforts related to Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus. The activity was attended by 321 participants, with the majority having the characteristics; female (75%), domiciled in Java (42%), aged <25 years (63%), and high school education (43%). Regarding health status, it was known that 33% of participants had a family history of hypertension or diabetes mellitus, 7% of participants were diagnosed with hypertension, 3% of participants were diagnosed with DM, 21% of participants were overweight and obese, 26% of participants consumed excess daily sugar and salt and 69% of participants did not regularly check-up blood pressure and blood sugar. The test results showed an increase in knowledge of 2.47 points from the pre-test value (mean = 10.46) to the post-test value (mean = 12.93). The attitude of the majority of participants, as many as 303 (94%) participants stated that a healthy lifestyle is important as an intervention for hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Health education is proven to increase the knowledge and attitudes of participants in the management of Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus.

Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Health Education, Hypertension, Non-Communicable Diseases, Healthy Behavior