HUBUNGAN ANTARA PERFECTIONISM DENGAN KECENDERUNGAN BODY DYSMORPHIC DISORDER PADA KOMUNITAS DUTA WISATA

Imelda Aurelia Putri* -  Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana, Indonesia
Krismi Diah Ambarwati -  Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana, Indonesia
DOI : 10.33024/jpm.v6i1.9882

Supp. File(s): common.other

Abstrak

Duta wisata adalah kontes dibidang beauty pageant untuk mengembangkan potensi diri dalam sektor pariwisata. Perfectionism adalah sikap untuk mencapai standar kesempurnaan disertai dengan evaluasi kritis dan bersifat multidimensional. Evaluasi terhadap penampilan dapat menimbulkan rasa ketidakpuasan terhadap bentuk tubuh yang akan berkembang menjadi kecenderungan body dysmorphic disorder. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan antara masing-masing aspek dari perfectionism dengan kecenderungan body dysmorphic disorder pada komunitas Duta Wisata Kab. Semarang. Partisipan penelitian ini berjumlah 33 orang. Skala yang digunakan adalah multidimentional perfectionism scale dan body dysmorphic sympthoms scale brazillian-portuguesse version. Penelitian dilakukan dengan teknik analisis korelatif korelasional moment Pearson. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi tingkat masing-masing aspek dari perfectionism maka semakin tinggi tingkat kecenderungan body dysmorphic disorder, begitu juga sebaliknya. Implikasi penelitian ini dapat membantu menggambarkan bahwa sikap perfectionism terhadap penampilan pada seseorang dapat mengarah pada kecenderungan body dysmorphic disorder. Sumbangan efektif perfectionism terhadap kecenderungan body dysmorphic disorder adalah 34%.

 

Kata Kunci: Perfectionism, Kecenderungan Body Dysmorphic Disorder, Duta Wisata

 

 

Abstract

Tourism Ambassador is a contest of beauty pageant to develop self-potential in tourism sector. As an ambassador, being attractive is an important. Perfectionism is a personal tendency to strive for perfection, which is accompanied by critical evaluation and it has multidimensional character. Evaluation of appearance can be lead to dissatisfaction with body shape, which develops into tendency for body dysmorphic disorder. This study aims to determine the relationship between each aspect of perfectionism with tendency for body dysmorphic disorder on community of Tourism Ambassadors in Semarang Regency. Participants in this study were 33 people. The scales used in this study were the multidimensional perfectionism scale and the Brazilian-Portuguesse version of the body dysmorphic symptom scale. This study uses correlative analysis technique Pearson moment. The results showed that the higher level of each aspect of perfectionism, the higher tendency for body dysmorphic disorder, vice versa. Implications of this research can help illustrate that perfectionism towards one's appearance can lead to tendency for body dysmorphic disorder. Perfectionism's effective contribution to the tendency of body dysmorphic disorder is 34%.

 

Keywords: Perfectionism, Body Dysmorphic Disorder Tendency, Tourism Ambassador

Supplement Files

Keywords : perfectionism, kecenderungan body dysmorphic disorder, duta wisata

  1. Abdullah, P. M. (2015). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif. In Aswaja Pressindo. Aswaja Pressindo. https://idr.uin-antasari.ac.id/5014/
  2. Amalia, R. N., Fitryah, N., & Althalets, F. (2019). Presentasi Diri Teruna Dara 2016 Sebagai Duta Wisata Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara. EJournal Ilmu Komunikasi, 7(2), 204–217. https://ejournal.ilkom.fisip-unmul.ac.id/site/?p=3851
  3. American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. In Encyclopedia of Applied Psychology, Three-Volume Set. American Psychiatric Association. https://doi.org/10.1016/B0-12-657410-3/00457-8
  4. Anisah. (2020). 6 Fakta Body Dysmorphic Disorder Gangguan Mental yang Diderita Billie Elish. IDN Times/Health. https://www.idntimes.com/health/medical/siti-anisah-2/6-fakta-body-dysmorphic-gangguan-mental-yang-diderita-billie-eilish-c1c2
  5. Arji, M., Borjali, A., Sohrabi, F., & Farrokhi, N. A. (2016). Role of Perfectionism and Body Image in the Prediction of Body Dysmorphic Disorder Symptoms. Avicenna Journal of Neuro Psych Physiology, 3(3), 62–65. https://doi.org/10.5812/ajnpp.42560
  6. BDD foundation. (2006). Famous People with BDD. BDD Foundation. https://bddfoundation.org/information/more-about-bdd/famous-people-with-bdd/
  7. Blatt, S. J. (1995). The Destructiveness of Perfectionism: Implications for The Treatment of Depression. American Psychologist, 50(12), 1003–1020. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.50.12.1003
  8. Diah, D. N., Lubis, F. Y., & Witriani, W. (2020). Efek Moderasi Resiliensi terhadap Hubungan antara Perfeksionisme dengan Kecemasan Mengerjakan Skripsi. Gadjah Mada Journal of Psychology (GamaJoP), 6(2), 178–190. https://doi.org/10.22146/gamajop.55349
  9. Flett, G. L., & Hewitt, P. L. (2002). Perfectionism-and-Maladjustment-an-Overview-of-Theoretical-D. American Psychological Association. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2002-02485-001
  10. Flett, G. L., Hewitt, P. L., Nepon, T., Sherry, S. B., & Smith, M. (2022). The destructiveness and public health significance of socially prescribed perfectionism: A review, analysis, and conceptual extension. Clinical Psychology Review, 93, 102130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2022.102130
  11. Ganeswari, A. A. I. G., & Wilani, N. M. A. (2019). Hubungan antara citra tubuh dengan kecenderungan body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) pada remaja akhir laki-laki di Denpasar. Jurnal Psikologi Udayana, 6(1), 65–75. https://doi.org/10.24843/jpu.2019.v06.i01.p07
  12. Hewitt, P. L., & Flett, G. L. (1991). Perfectionism in the Self and Social Contexts: Conceptualization, Assessment, and Association With Psychopathology. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 60(3), 456–470. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.60.3.456
  13. Hewitt, P. L., Flett, G. L., & Turnbull-donovan, W. (1991). The Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale Reliability, Validity, and Psychological Assessment: A Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 3(3), 464–468. https://doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.3.3.464
  14. Jahromi, F. G., Naziri, G., & Barzegar, M. (2012). The Relationship between Socially Prescribed Perfectionism and Depression: The Mediating Role of Maladaptive Cognitive Schemas. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 32, 141–147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.01.023
  15. Kartika, T. (2021). What Is Your Perception of Beauty? Culture Comummication From Generation To Generation. Interdisciplinary Journal of Communication, 6(1), 103–118. https://doi.org/10.18326/inject.v6i1.103-118
  16. Katharine, A., & M.D., P. (2009). Understanding Body Dysmorphic Disorder: An Essential Guideby. In Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2009.09111701
  17. Krebs, G., De La Cruz, L. F., & Mataix-Cols, D. (2017). Recent advances in understanding and managing body dysmorphic disorder. Evidence-Based Mental Health, 20(3), 71–75. https://doi.org/10.1136/eb-2017-102702
  18. Krebs, G., Quinn, R., & Jassi, A. (2019). Is perfectionism a risk factor for adolescent body dysmorphic symptoms? Evidence for a prospective association. Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders, 22, 100445. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocrd.2019.100445
  19. Lo, A., & Abbott, M. J. (2013). Review of the theoretical, empirical, and clinical status of adaptive and maladaptive perfectionism. Behaviour Change, 30(2), 96–116. https://doi.org/10.1017/bec.2013.9
  20. Malik, F., Ahmed, J., Nasim, S., Ali, A., & Khan, A. R. (2021). Body Dysmorphic Disorder: a Comprehensive Review. Turkish Medical Student Journal, 8(1), 2–7. https://doi.org/10.4274/tmsj.galenos.2021.08.01.02
  21. Manaf, Y. R. (2020). Hubungan antara perfeksionisme dengan kecenderungan body dysmorphic disorder pada remaja. In Doctoral Dissertation. http://eprints.mercubuana-yogya.ac.id/id/eprint/8460/
  22. Mills, J., Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, M., & Holmes, M. (2014). State Body Dissatisfaction and Social Interactions: An Experience Sampling Study. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 38(4), 551–562. https://doi.org/10.1177/0361684314521139
  23. Nourmalita, M. (2016). Pengaruh Citra Tubuh terhadap Gejala Body Dismorphic Disorder yang Dimediasi Harga Diri pada Remaja Putri. Seminar ASEAN 2nd Psychology & Humanity, 546–555. mpsi.umm.ac.id/files/file/546- 555 melina.pdf
  24. Nurlita, D., & Lisiswanti, R. (2016). Body Dysmorphic Disorder. Journal Majority, 5(5), 80–85. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004583-199605000-00009
  25. Quinn, R. E. (2018). The association between perfectionism and Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) a systematic review (Volume I). King’s College London.
  26. Ramos, T. D., De Brito, M. J. A., Piccolo, M. S., Da Silva Martins Rosella, M. F. N., Sabino Neto, M., & Ferreira, L. M. (2016). Body dysmorphic symptoms scale for patients seeking esthetic surgery: Cross-cultural validation study. Sao Paulo Medical Journal, 134(6), 480–490. https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-3180.2016.0068160416
  27. Schieber, K., Kollei, I., de Zwaan, M., Müller, A., & Martin, A. (2013). Personality traits as vulnerability factors in body dysmorphic disorder. Psychiatry Research, 210(1), 242–246. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2013.06.009
  28. Shannon, A., Goldberg, J. O., Flett, G. L., & Hewitt, P. L. (2018). Personality and Individual Differences The relationship between perfectionism and mental illness stigma. Personality and Individual Differences, 126, 66–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2018.01.022
  29. Stoeber, J. (2015). How Other-Oriented Perfectionism Differs from Self-Oriented and Socially Prescribed Perfectionism: Further Findings. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 37(4), 611–623. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-015-9485-y
  30. Stoeber, J., & Corr, P. J. (2015). Perfectionism, personality, and affective experiences: New insights from revised Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory. 86, 354–359. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2015.06.045
  31. Sugiyono. (2016). Aplikasi Analisis Multivariate dengan Program SPSS Edisi Kesembilan. Semarang: Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro. Alfabeta, 1(1), 1–99.
  32. Veale, D., Gledhill, L. J., Christodoulou, P., & Hodsoll, J. (2016). Body dysmorphic disorder in different settings: A systematic review and estimated weighted prevalence. Body Image, 18, 168–186. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2016.07.003
  33. Veale, D., Phillips, K. A., & Neziroglu, F. (2017). Challenges in assessing and treating patients with body dysmorphic disorder and recommended approaches. Advances in research and clinical practice. Oxford University Press. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/challenges-in-assessing-and-treating-patients-with-body-dysmorphic-disorder-and-recommended-approaches(c327faaf-c2d1-425a-b778-55c65ba15563).html
  34. Vivenda, G., & Hadiwono, A. (2019). Ruang Wisata Citra Tubuh. Jurnal Sains, Teknologi, Urban, Perancangan, Arsitektur (Stupa), 1(1), 540–555. https://doi.org/10.24912/stupa.v1i1.3980
  35. Weingarden, H., & Renshaw, K. D. (2016). Body dysmorphic symptoms, functional impairment, and depression: The role of appearance-based teasing. The Journal of Psychology: Interdisciplinary and Applied, 150(1), 119–131. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223980.2015.1012144
  36. Woolley, A. J., & Perry, J. D. (2015). Body dysmorphic disorder: Prevalence and outcomes in an oculofacial plastic surgery practice. American Journal of Ophthalmology, 159(6), 1058-1064.e1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajo.2015.02.014
  37. Wulandari, P. K. (2016). Generasi Sadar Wisata (Pemberdayaan Pemuda dan Pendidikan Duta Wisata di Kabupaten Trenggalek). Jurnal Sosiologi Pendidikan Humanis, 1(2), 140–148. https://doi.org/10.17977/um021v1i22016p140
  38. Yunistika, T. P. (2018). Hubungan antara self esteem dengan kecenderungan body dysmorphic disorder pada mahasiswi prodi psikologi islam Fakultas Psikologi Uin Raden Fatah Palembang. http://eprints.radenfatah.ac.id/3371/

Open Access Copyright (c) 2024 Jurnal Psikologi Malahayati
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
slot gacor slot gacor hari ini slot gacor 2025 demo slot pg slot gacor slot gacor